Heating equipment for the house: how to choose the right

Responsibility for the quality of providing heat to a country cottage rests entirely with its owner, since such dwellings are equipped with autonomous climate systems. It is very important to choose the right equipment for heating a private house before starting work. It should be economical, efficient, and easy to install and maintain yourself.

Elements of the heating system at home

The first step in the design of any climate system is its design.

It is necessary to prepare project documentation in which to indicate:

• what heating system is selected for the home;
• what equipment for heating and water supply of a country house will be used;
• what type of fuel is used as the main;
• What kind of pipe layout will be used for arranging the climate network in housing construction? and so on.

Note! Some types of climate networks in general can not be designed without prior preparation and coordination of the project. For example, a gas boiler installation instruction prohibits the installation of heating equipment without obtaining permission from an organization responsible for supplying main gas to the public.

After analyzing all the existing types of heating systems, we can conclude that the most suitable for a country house is a water heating scheme using a central heating domestic heating boiler.

The equipment necessary for its arrangement is listed in the table.

The main element of the water heating system is the boiler. There is a huge number of models of this equipment, which are distinguished from each other by price, power, the presence of additional circuits, the type of fuel used, and so on.

Let us dwell in more detail on the most common models of heating devices used in our country.

Heating equipment

Gas boilers

Gas is one of the most economical fuels. Therefore, gas heating equipment for the cottage and your own home is most common. Virtually all of the thermal energy generated by burning the incoming energy carrier is transferred to the coolant, and then to the radiators.

Gas boilers have the following advantages:

• have one of the highest efficiency - in combination with cheap gas it makes the described unit almost the most economical;
• have a long service life - boilers with a steel heat exchanger can serve 30, and with cast iron - more than 50 years;
• when using them, there is no need to equip a place for storing fuel - gas is constantly supplied through the main gas pipeline connected to the boiler;
• operated without human intervention - after starting and setting the climate network, the boiler will operate independently, changing modes depending on the temperature in the rooms.

Naturally, this equipment can be installed only in the case when a gas pipe is connected to the land plot where your house is located. Another disadvantage is the need to obtain appropriate permits for the operation of a gas boiler.

Tip! Domestic gas supply lines often experience pressure drawdowns that can adversely affect the quality of the burner. When buying equipment, ask the consultant whether the model you have chosen is adapted to Russian gas networks.

Fuel oil boilers

These heaters, as the name implies, to heat the coolant use the energy generated from the combustion of liquid fuel, which is often diesel.

The fuel oil unit is as simple as possible to use. It is enough to stock up with the necessary amount of diesel fuel, start the boiler and it will regularly heat the dwelling before the beginning of summer.

The positive aspects of using fuel oil heaters are as follows:

1. These devices are completely autonomous and do not depend on the gas supply. Some models are equipped with automatic, powered by electricity, so in case of shutdown of the latter, it is desirable to equip the boiler with an uninterruptible power supply or diesel generator.
2. Differ in high efficiency. This figure ranges from 94 to 95%.

Devices often replace gas heaters in non-gasified settlements. They are quite economical (compared to electric boilers) and do not require periodic fuel injection (as in solid-fuel ones).

The main disadvantage is the need to install a sufficiently capacious and airtight container for storing diesel fuel. The nuance is that it must comply with a certain thermal regime (at least + 5 degrees Celsius), otherwise the fuel will thicken, and this will lead to breakdown of the pumping and filtering equipment.

Another important point. Fuel oil boiler should be installed only in a stand-alone boiler. The fact is that during operation the burner produces a strong unpleasant noise, and diesel fuel will not please the smell of the inhabitants of the house.

Solid fuel boilers

Previously, they were distributed very widely, but then they were replaced by heaters for other types of energy carriers. However, this does not mean that solid fuel aggregates are bad.

They have many undeniable advantages:

• Low cost of equipment (optimal in terms of price-quality ratio);
• long service life - boilers with a cast-iron heat exchanger under the conditions of operation and proper maintenance can serve almost forever;
• they work completely autonomously - for their operation, neither gas nor electricity is needed, therefore, even with an emergency shutdown of all utility networks of the common use, the heating system will retain its functionality.

The main drawback of the described equipment is the complexity of operation. For the smooth operation of the boiler it is necessary to constantly put fuel there. In addition, it is necessary to periodically clean the combustion chamber from the ash, and the smoke removal channels from soot and soot.

It should be noted, and quite low efficiency. It directly depends on the quality of the fuel used. And one more thing: the necessity of arranging a shed or a shed for storing firewood or coal.

Note! Now more convenient and effective pyrolysis coppers are issued. Although the cost is much higher than the price of classical models, they put firewood in them two times: first, pyrolysis gas is extracted from wood under the influence of temperature and pressure, which is then also burned, releasing additional thermal energy.

Pyrolysis boilers have a high efficiency and require fuel bookmark once every 12-36 hours.

Electric boilers

Externally, the climatic equipment that runs on electricity, like a gas. However, unlike the latter, here the heating of the coolant occurs with the help of heating elements or electrodes immersed in a liquid. Having picked up the heater of necessary power it is possible to warm the dwelling with an area of ​​more than 500 square meters.

Before buying and installing boilers, you must ensure that the accounting electrical equipment in the house and the power line itself can withstand the power of the installed device. Boilers with a capacity of more than 12 kW must be connected only to a three-phase electrical network.

The rest of the electric heating equipment for a water heating system has a huge number of advantages:

1. Differ in very compact dimensions. The heating and electrode boilers do not exceed the size of their gas counterpart, and the induction one, in general, is not much different from the pipe itself (only slightly larger than its diameter).
2. Can be installed anywhere in the house. To install the boiler does not need to allocate a separate room or equip the chimney. It is enough to connect pipes to it, connect to the electrical network and enjoy the heat.
3. Environmental friendliness. The equipment is absolutely harmless to nature due to zero emissions of combustion products. Even in the event of a breakdown, no harmful substances will enter the environment.
4. Small cost.

The main factor limiting the distribution of electric boilers is the high cost of electricity. Therefore, the devices described above are more often used only as a backup or additional circuit.

Conclusion

Efficiency and efficiency of the heating system directly depends on the choice of the boiler. However, care should be taken to ensure the quality of the other components of the climate network. You can learn more about them from the video in this article.