Heating of industrial premises - options and features of

Production workshops, premises and warehouses are large, with the result that their heating has a number of features. Therefore, it is not easy to choose the best option from the consideration of the price / efficiency / reliability ratio. In this article we consider the most common methods of heating industrial premises and their features.

General information

Creating a heating scheme for industrial premises is a rather difficult task, this is primarily due to the fact that each production facility is built for certain technological processes, moreover, it often has a greater height and area. In addition, equipment that is used in production often complicates the process of laying heating pipes.

However, despite this, the arrangement of heating is an important task, without which it cannot be dispensed for a number of reasons mentioned below:

• Properly implemented heating system provides comfortable working conditions, and, as a result, increases employee productivity.
• Protects the equipment from overcooling, which is very important, because low temperature can cause its failure.
• If we are talking about stock, then maintaining a certain microclimate is of particular importance, as it affects the safety of the goods.

It is extremely important to choose the optimal system, which will save not only on its operation, but also on maintenance.

Therefore, when choosing types of heating of industrial premises, it is necessary to be guided by the following criteria:

• Dimensions of the room (area and height).
• Amount of heat energy, which will be required to maintain the required microclimate.
• Easy operation and maintenance of heating equipment, as well as its maintainability.

To date, the following systems for heating industrial premises are most often used:

• Central
• Air;
• Infrared.

Below we consider the features of each of these species.

Heating options

Central water heating

In this case, the source of heat resource is the local boiler room or central heating system. Heating is carried out due to the coolant that circulates through the pipes and heats the heating radiators. The advantage of this solution is the possibility of relatively uniform heating of large areas.

Water heating industrial buildings can be implemented in several ways. First of all, the system may differ in the type of fuel on which it can operate. Therefore, the choice of boilers depends on the availability of energy.

The most commonly used boilers of the following types:

I must say that excellent solutions are combined boilers that can work on different types of fuel. In particular, they are able to solve the problem of heating in case of interruptions in gas supply or electricity supply. Their only drawback is the high cost.

The main parameter by which these devices are classified are the types of burners that are mounted. On sale most often the following types of equipment:

Tip! To save fuel, you can configure the boiler to maintain a lower temperature during off time than during work.

In addition to the type of equipment, water heating is different way to connect the heating radiators.

There are two schemes:

• One-pipe connection - in this case, all radiators are connected in series to one pipe through which coolant circulates. This option is suitable for heating only small rooms, as in large systems, the last in the chain radiators heat up significantly less than the first.
• Two-pipe connection - this scheme involves the use of separate pipes for the supply of hot coolant and removal of cold. This ensures more uniform heating of all radiators.

In industrial systems, as a rule, use a two-pipe scheme.

Air heating

Air heating in manufacturing has been very popular for many years. Therefore, we can say that it is time tested.

All this thanks to the following advantages:

• Air heating has a higher efficiency than water.
• The air is evenly heated throughout the volume of the room from floor to ceiling.
• The ability to combine heating with ventilation and air conditioning.
• Regular change and cleaning of the air has a positive effect on the well-being of workers.
• There are no radiators in the air system.

For heating large areas of this heating is the best option.

Infrared heating

Infrared heaters allow you to equip the heating of industrial premises, without resorting to traditional methods. Moreover, this solution is very effective.

They work on this principle:

• Emitters produce radiant energy;
• This energy transfers heat to objects around;
• In turn, air is heated from these objects.

Thus, the principle of operation of infrared heaters resembles the Sun, which heats the surface of the earth with infrared waves, resulting in heat exchange and the air is heated.

Note! Due to this principle, large temperature drops in the room are excluded, as well as accumulation of hot air under the ceiling, as is the case with traditional heating methods.

By way of installation, infrared heaters are divided into the following types:

• Wall mounted;
• Ceiling;
• Outdoor;
• Outdoor portable.

By the form of the emitted waves, they can be:

• Long-wave (dark) - their feature is that they do not emit light even at their working temperature, which is 300-400 degrees Celsius.
• Medium wave (light) - the working temperature reaches 800 degrees, as a result of which during operation they emit soft light.
• Shortwave - glow brightly enough, while the operating temperature is 400 degrees and above.

By the type of heating element, these devices can be:

• Halogen - the disadvantage is that the vacuum tube may be damaged if struck or dropped.
• Carbon - the heating element of these devices is made of carbon fiber, placed in a glass tube. The main advantage of the device, in comparison with halogen heaters is a reduced energy consumption (approximately two and a half times).
• Ceramic - the heating element of the heater consists of ceramic tiles assembled into one reflector. The principle of operation of the device is based on the flameless combustion of the gas-air mixture inside the heater, as a result of which it heats up and transfers thermal energy to surrounding objects.

Before deciding how to heat a production facility, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the advantages of this type of heating:

• IR heaters are the only heating devices that allow point or zone heating. Due to this, it is possible to maintain different temperature conditions in different parts of the room. Zone heating can be useful for heating workplaces, individual parts on a conveyor belt, young stock on livestock farms, etc.
• They allow you to feel the heat immediately after switching on the devices, even without pre-heating the rooms.
• Due to the high efficiency and low power consumption, infrared heating is the most economical. Moreover, energy savings up to 45 percent, which provides significant savings. As a result, finances invested in infrared heating quickly pay for themselves.
• IR devices are quite durable, have a small weight and do not take up much space, so that they are not difficult to mount. Moreover, the installation and operation instructions are attached to each device.

Due to all these properties, IR devices are used not only for heating industrial premises, but many others:

• Shopping and sports facilities;
• Greenhouses and greenhouses;
• Private houses and apartments;
• Livestock farms.

As a result, infrared heating has recently become increasingly common.

Here, perhaps, are all the main options for arranging heating in industrial premises. Lastly, we present a table that shows the specific heating characteristic of industrial buildings (qо, W / m? C °), as well as the thermal specific characteristic for ventilation of rooms (qв, W / m? C °) and the heated volume of buildings (Vн) :

Conclusion

As we found out, today there are many effective ways to heat industrial premises. Therefore, the choice depends on the parameters of the room and features of production.

From the video in this article, you can pick up some additional information on this topic.