Independent heating in the apartment: comfort and minimum

Residents of city houses know firsthand about such “charms” of central heating, such as cold batteries, the late inclusion of heating networks, sudden accidents and large utility bills. Therefore, few of them do not dream of their own heating. There is nothing impossible in it. You only need to get permission for independent heating in the apartment, and the rest of the work will be helped by the instructions below.

Preparation of documents

If you decide to design autonomous heating of an apartment with your own hands, then before you start work, you must obtain permission from the relevant government agencies.

To do this, you must prepare the following documents:

1. A standardized statement of your desire to re-equip your own privately owned apartment to use an autonomous heating system.
2. Technical passport of the premises with indication of all utilities laid in the apartment (water supply, heating, sewage and electricity).
3. Documents confirming your status as the owner of the apartment to be converted.
4. Technical project of the modernization of the dwelling for the use of individual heating network.
5. Written statements of all persons who live in the apartment, that they agree to re-equip the premises to use their own climate system.

Note! This is a general package of documents that you will need in any case. But if you use a gas boiler as a heating device, you must also obtain a permit from the organization that supplies gas and controls the use of gas equipment.

All of these documents are sent to the management company, which makes the decision on issuing a permit or refusal. Without a positive response to your statement, there is no point in moving on to further events.

After receiving a positive response, the subsequent process of registration of documents is as follows:

1. Based on the letter, you need to obtain technical specifications that will be the initial data for the preparation of the heating project.. In addition, technical conditions are required for contacting the gas service, which grants permission for the installation of gas equipment.
2. The statutory period for the issuance of TU - 10 days. You may be denied this. Remember that the legal basis is only the absence of a gas pipeline in the house or the inability to supply bottled gas. All other reasons are illegitimate.
3. Next, you should decide on the model of the heating boiler, take its technical characteristics and contact them with the design organization that will carry out the engineering project.
4. This document must be approved by the organization that provides heating services.. There may also refuse. If you do not agree with the decision, you can go to court. As a rule, the judiciary takes the side of the claimant, since the requirements are completely legitimate.
5. Based on the permission of the above-mentioned organization, a new project is being made - to disconnect the apartment from the centralized heating networks.. It can also be appealed.

And only after successful completion of all the bureaucratic procedures listed above can be taken directly for installation work.

Note! If you are going to install an electric boiler, it is not necessary to go through coordination in the gas service. This significantly reduces the time to obtain permission. However, you need to make sure that the wiring in the house can withstand the load exerted by your chosen equipment.

Calculation of power thermal device

An autonomous apartment heating system will work correctly only if the capacity of the selected heating boiler is sufficient to provide all rooms with thermal energy.

Correctly make calculations will help specialized engineering office. But the approximate value can be set independently. To do this, it is necessary to know the area of ​​heated premises (S) and the amount of thermal energy spent on heating of 10 square meters (the so-called power density W_ud).

Most often, the last value is assumed to be 1 kW.

But various external factors can affect it:

• climatic conditions of the area (in the northern latitudes, the value can double, in the south - decrease to 0.7 kW);
• wall material and the presence of a warming layer;
• ceiling height, number and area of ​​windows;
• the floor where the apartment is located and the number of external walls in it (those that are in contact with the street, and not adjacent rooms).

A rough calculation is made according to the following formula:

M_to = S * w_ud / ten

Boiler selection

After obtaining the necessary permits and calculating the power, you can go to the store behind the boiler. There is a huge amount of various thermal equipment, which differs from each other not only in price, but also in other parameters.

The most important of them are listed in the table.

Let us consider in more detail the characteristics of gas and electric climate equipment.

Gas

The installation of gas-fired boilers is most common when equipping apartment heating systems. This situation is due to the low cost of this type of energy source, as well as ease of operation of the unit.

Therefore, we can safely buy the equipment:

• having two heating circuits;
• equipped with a steel heat exchanger;
• installed on the wall;
• having a closed combustion chamber.

The advantages of such a gas unit are as follows:

1. It has a multi-level security system, excluding accidents and accidents. In case of gas supply shutdown, boiling or freezing of water, as well as other problems, the unit itself will stop working and will issue an appropriate error message.
2. It can even be installed in a very small apartment, as it is hung on the wall and occupies a minimum of space.
3. It works almost silently. A small vibration is accompanied only by the operation of the circulation pump, which is part of the boiler.
4. It maintains performance even with significant pressure drops in the energy supply system.
5. Has an affordable price.

Electric

The boiler, working on electricity, can act as a primary or secondary heating device. Such a unit as easy to install in the house, it does not require permission.

However, the electric boiler has one drawback - it consumes a large amount of electricity, the cost of which is much higher than the price of gas. In addition, not every wiring will withstand the power that is needed to ensure the operation of the equipment.

Nevertheless, the other advantages make the purchase of the device quite justified:

1. The unit runs completely silently. The water heats up without a flame, so you will not hear the noise from the flashing and extinguishing burner.
2. The device is completely safe for both the environment and humans. Even in the event of a breakdown, the residents will not be harmed.
3. The electric boiler is so compact and aesthetically pleasing that it can organically fit into the interior of any room.
4. A special controller allows you to set a comfortable microclimate in each heating circuit separately.

Independent installation of heating

The engineering network used for home heating is one of the most complex in design and engineering. In addition, an integral part of such a system is a gas or electric boiler, and they are devices of increased danger. Installing them yourself is not only not recommended, but also prohibited.

However, you can also mount other elements yourself.

These include:

• pipes supplying and removing water to the batteries;
• heating radiators, in which there is an exchange of thermal energy between the coolant and the air in the room.

Installing these parts will not cause you difficulties.

Tip! After installation, you need to perform pressure testing system. Such an operation will help identify defects and deficiencies in installation. To do this, you need to fill the system with coolant and run it in test mode, slightly raising the pressure above the norm.

If leaks are detected, the coolant is drained and problems are eliminated.

Conclusion

Despite all the difficulties that must be overcome to install an autonomous heating system, the result will not leave you disappointed. But besides heating, there are other engineering networks in the apartment that need to be modernized.

For more on this, see the video below.