Wall heating boilers - types and features

When arranging autonomous heating systems, many people prefer wall-mounted boilers. This is due to the main advantage of these devices - compactness, so that they do not take up the usable area and, moreover, do not require a separate room. In this article we will look at what types of boilers exist, and get acquainted with their features.

Features of wall boilers

Thanks to compactness, wall-mounted boilers can be installed anywhere in the room. The only gas apparatuses "tied" to the chimney. Therefore, most often they are installed in the kitchen and take the chimney into the general ventilation system.

Electrical devices do not have this restriction, so they are often mounted in bathrooms or hallways. The main thing is that the heating pipes could be brought to this place.

A common feature of all wall units is low power. As a rule, they are designed for heating rooms up to 300-400 square meters. Therefore, when choosing a model, you need to pay attention to performance.

The performance of the equipment can be determined on the basis of the fact that 1 kW of power is required for each 10 square meters. True, it is provided that the housing is well insulated and the height of the ceilings does not exceed three meters.

If, in addition to heating, the boiler is supplied with hot water supply or it is necessary to heat the cold room, then the capacity of the equipment should be increased by 50 percent, or an additional boiler should be purchased.

Note! When the voltage drops in the network or the pressure in the gas line, the power of the boiler decreases. This point must be taken into account if there are similar problems in communications.

Separately, it should be said about boilers. The need for them arises in cases where the boiler is not able to heat the water in the right quantity and to the desired temperature.

Types of boilers

All existing wall-mounted boilers differ primarily in their functionality. They are:

In addition, wall-mounted units differ in the method of heating a liquid and differ in:

• Electric;
• Gas.

Each type of these devices has certain advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, below we take a closer look at each of their species.

Note! Wall-mounted boilers have an increased requirement for the quality of the coolant. Therefore, it is necessary to use filters in the water supply system.

Gas boilers

Most often, when arranging heating in apartments and private houses, this type of boiler is used. Their main advantage is thrift, as the price of gas is relatively low. In addition, these devices are convenient to operate.

Automation is responsible for the operation of the system, therefore no human intervention is required. All that is required is to set a certain temperature condition, after which the boiler will turn on and off when it is necessary. In case of emergency situations, automatic equipment automatically switches off the equipment and blocks the gas, thanks to which these devices are absolutely safe.

However, along with the advantages, they have some disadvantages listed below:

• The need for discharging the use of equipment from the relevant government agencies.
• As mentioned above, the need for a chimney.
• The durability of the equipment depends on the stability of the pressure in the gas line. With sudden changes, the boiler can quickly fail.

In addition, the gas equipment has another serious drawback - there is far from centralized gas supply in all localities, respectively, in some cases it is not possible to use gas boilers.

Separately, it should be said about the chimney, the design of which depends on the type of boiler. If a model with an open combustion chamber, then the oxygen needed to support the combustion process comes from the environment. In the case of a closed chamber, for the operation of the apparatus it is necessary to equip a double-walled chimney through which the air masses move in both directions.

Such models of boilers are additionally equipped with fans, which provide forced traction in the system, while the chimney itself, as a rule, is brought out through the wall. It should be noted that such boilers have one important advantage - they do not degrade the composition of the air; therefore, the room itself, in which the equipment is installed, needs less ventilation.

The most popular are models with a capacity of 7-30 kW, which can heat rooms up to 400 square meters. As mentioned above, the additional installation of the boiler reduces the demands on the power of the equipment.

Various designs of devices provide forced or natural movement of the coolant in the system. The difference between them lies in the presence or absence of the circulation pump.

The advantages of forced circulation are the following points:

• Faster heating of the system and slower cooling. Accordingly, this solution saves gas.
• No demands on the device of the system, in particular, there is no need to mount pipes under a constant inclination and install a booster tank.
• Increases the life of the pipes and the boiler itself.

As for the shortcomings, they include increased power consumption, in addition, in the event of a blackout, the system ceases to function.

The highest quality are German-made devices, however, their cost is the highest.

The average price category includes devices manufactured in the following countries:

• Italy;
• The Czech Republic;
• Korea and others

Tip! Recently, wall-mounted gas boilers from domestic manufacturers are popular, as they have good quality and at the same time relatively low cost.

The instructions, which are attached to each product, contain more detailed information on the installation and operation of the equipment.

Electric boilers

The devices working from electricity, as a rule, use when there is no opportunity to be connected to centralized gas supply.

First of all it should be said that they have a number of advantages:

• Easy installation - since there is no need to connect the equipment to the gas pipe, as well as the chimney, install the equipment yourself.
• There is no need to coordinate the installation of equipment with government agencies.
• Environmentally friendly, as the heating is carried out without a burning process.
• Simplicity of operation - as well as gas boilers of heating, electrical devices operate in automatic mode.
• The cost of electrical equipment is lower than gas.
• Noiselessness during operation.
• High efficiency.
• Like gas appliances, do not take up much space.

As for the shortcomings, these include the high cost of electricity and the need to improve electrical wiring. True, the latter drawback applies only to devices whose power exceeds 12kW.

The device of these units is quite simple, in fact, they consist of three main elements:

• Housing;
• Heating element (heating elements);
• Control block.

In addition, depending on the model, the equipment can be completed with the following additional elements:

• Circulation pump;
• Expansion valve;
• Safety valve;
• Water filter;
• A programmer with a specific set of modes of operation.

Thus, before you buy an electric wall-mounted heating boiler, you need to decide on the functions that are needed. The fact is that the additional equipment on the one hand increases the functionality of the device, and on the other - affects its cost.

Tip! Considering that the heating element is the most vulnerable and short-lived component of the device, it is necessary to acquire models in which the possibility of replacing the heating element is provided.

It must be said that in addition to traditional TEN electric boilers, there are devices that have a different principle of operation:

• Induction - is the most economical device, which is an electrical inductor, consisting of two windings. The principle of operation is as follows - the primary winding creates eddy currents and directs the resulting magnetic field to the secondary winding. The latter is at the same time a housing and a heating element that transfers thermal energy to the coolant.
• Electrode - represent a small container, inside which are located the electrodes. When water fills such a boiler, an electric current is passed through the liquid, as a result of which it is heated. The disadvantage of these devices is the need for high-quality grounding and preparation of the coolant, since ordinary water is not suitable for these purposes.

The last two types of heaters are much less known than heating elements, however, they have recently become more and more popular because of their economy and compactness.

When using these boilers in conjunction with electronic control devices, the heating system can also work in automatic mode, as with traditional units. True, these devices can be called wall-mounted conditionally, as they are often not even attached to the wall due to their small size and weight.

Here, perhaps, all the main features of the considered heating devices.

Conclusion

Today wall heating boilers are of different types and have different parameters. We considered the main ones that need to be taken into account when choosing a device, since not only the functionality, but also the efficiency of the heating system will depend on it.

From the video in this article, you can get more information on this topic.