What is the basis for the water heating scheme of a private
The bulk of urban residents would not mind to live in nature for a short time, but only in comfortable conditions. Central heating, cold and hot water supply have firmly entered their lifestyles, and very few people agree to change it. Therefore, when building a country house, they are given special attention, moreover, without normal heating, it is impossible to live in the countryside all year round. Today we look at the heating of the cottage using a water circuit.
Features of arrangement of the heating system
From the article you will learn what is needed for this, as well as schemes of its laying. If you have autonomous water heating, then pay attention to the differences in a wider choice of heat source - the boiler, which can be not only gas but also solid fuel, work on diesel or electricity, and also be made of brick and steel with your own hands ( cast iron).
In the latter case, a conventional heating or stove with a heat exchanger integrated into the furnace is meant. Thus, the price of creating water heating outside the city can be significantly lower than in a city apartment.
During its long existence, the scheme has undergone enough transformations, so that everyone can choose the one that best fits the house. Only one thing remains - this system still surpasses the rest in terms of price to quality.
Sequence of actions for the selection of equipment
Choosing a boiler
The “heart” of any water heating system is a heat energy generator. Often the boiler is an industrial design, but it can also be made independently of brick and metal.
The choice of equipment depends on many factors, including your personal preferences, features of the region, but it is better to do this based on the availability of fuel.
- In the scheme of heating a house with the help of water, different types of boilers are used - gas, solid fuel, liquid-fuel apparatuses and electrical options. In our country, the first two are considered the most popular, because they operate on the most affordable and inexpensive fuel that can be found in all regions.
- As mentioned above, replacing the industrial boiler will help other items that can be inserted into a slightly converted brick kiln. These are registers, a variety of coils, as well as embedded hollow parts. In this case, the owners receive a combined heating scheme for a house that is notable for its low cost, simplicity and increased efficiency.
Tip: follow the instructions of the equipment manufacturer, as there is no fundamental difference in the installation of the heating system by the type of boiler.
- Due to the universality of the water heating system, it is possible to install several heat energy generators in parallel in the house. This will make it possible to reduce the risks and get maximum performance from it, making the circuit completely autonomous so as not to be left without heat at a critical moment.
Tip: when connecting boilers in parallel, pre-think up the installation of an automation system, which will ensure switching between devices in case of stopping the flow of any fuel.
Below we consider the types of coolant circulation that can be used in such a heating scheme for a dwelling.
Scheme of the future system
Natural circulation
The most affordable and easy way to achieve home heating with a water circuit. It is carried out independently with the minimum expenses on time and on financial expenses. The manual does not provide for complex work related to the design and installation of the system; in this case, only available materials and components are used.
The principle of operation of heating with natural circulation is simple:
- The water heated in the boiler rises up through the pipeline due to the difference in temperature differences.
- It begins to gradually fall into all radiators installed around the perimeter of the house, and is cooled.
- The cooled coolant through pipelines is returned to the heat energy generator.
Thus, the circulation of water occurs without the use of additional equipment. Everything happens in a natural way, thanks to physical processes.
Tip: when installing heating with natural circulation, it is necessary to ensure the main pipelines at a rate of 3-5? on 1 rm, about 10 mm. Otherwise, the efficiency of the system will decrease significantly, which will cause high fuel costs.
- The wiring can be made of metal or polypropylene pipes of the required diameter, which is affected by the characteristics of the boiler and batteries. A prerequisite is to reduce their cross sections in the direction of the last radiator. It is easier to work with plastic pipes, therefore the speed of installation increases.
- The pipe through which the water heated in the boiler enters the system must be installed with a maximum bias towards the batteries.
- Make the entrance to the heat source as low as possible relative to the radiators in order to increase the circulation efficiency of the coolant. For this we recommend installing the boiler in the basement or basement.
- An integral part of the system - the expansion tank. It must be installed in the highest point of the scheme, for example, in the attic, where it should be well insulated. Heat insulation can be any, the main thing is that it should calmly transfer temperatures at 90? С.
Tip: when using pumped storage tanks, installation of additional equipment is required, which necessarily includes safety and air valves, as well as pressure gauges.
Forced circulation
The next way of arranging the heating of a country cottage is the installation of water heating with a circulating pump, which is its main distinguishing feature. It allows to obtain more efficient and high-quality pumping of water in the system, ensuring its delivery to the farthest and highest points of the structure without loss of heat energy. For example, this scheme shows itself well for two- and three-storey cottages.
In this case, it is not necessary to withstand the slope of the pipes. The efficiency of this heating scheme is 20-30% higher than the natural circulation method.
In the force system, the expansion tanks are replaced by pump-storage tanks. Therefore, it will be necessary to install special valves to ensure its safe operation, since the pressure in radiators and pipes can rise to 1.5-2 bar. Purchase in advance air and safety valves, pressure gauges, so that you can control the coolant.
Tip: install shut-off valves on both sides of the circulating pump so you can change or repair the device without draining the coolant.
Pipe layout
There are several types of piping layout, let's focus on the main ones:
| Monotube | This gasket is also called "Leningrad". In this case, all radiators are attached to the same pipe as the coolant moves. Many prefer the scheme for simplicity, small financial expenditure, since there is no need to lay the return, the work takes place with minimal labor and time costs. Disadvantages:
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| Twin tube |
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| Collector's | A modern way to connect heating devices that have their own supply and return. The system is integrated into one with the help of a comb or a heating collector. Distribution feature - beautiful appearance, control over all radiators from the distribution cabinet. |
Advantages of water heating
Despite the emergence of alternative heating systems for cottages - air or infrared, water still holds the first position.
Let us consider in more detail why this happens:
- Installation work on the installation of home heating can be carried out at any stage of construction. For example, even in the already finished cottage to install it does not amount to any special problems.
- As a coolant, water has excellent qualities. It has high thermal conductivity, low cost and availability, and if it also adds a parameter such as heat capacity, all questions about it disappear. The only thing to consider is that it is impossible to leave water in the system in the winter if it will not be used. When freezing, it will expand and destroy it. You just need to merge it in time, and then re-fill the system before starting.
- Any type of fuel can be used to heat the coolant.
- There is a wide choice of piping options for water heating. A certain type is selected taking into account the mass of parameters - from the area of heated housing to the financial possibilities of the customer.
- A large range of equipment to create heating cottage.
- Quick and fairly accurate adjustment of air temperature in any room in the house. Provision is made for the installation of special equipment that allows control of the coolant.
Conclusion
It must be honestly said that today they have not yet come up with a more affordable or effective alternative to water heating at home. Every year, manufacturers of heating equipment offer consumers improved models of their boilers, radiators and pipelines, increasing the efficiency of the system and reducing its operating costs by several times.
The video in the article will help you find additional information on this topic.