Concrete ring septic tank itself: installation methods

The organization of a septic tank on the site is a must if you plan to live in a private house all year round. Autonomous sewage system prevents possible contamination of soil with sewage, while effectively processing incoming waste.

Septic tanks of concrete rings have several advantages over other options:

• Easy installation.
• Lengthy use strings.
• Reliable design.
• Small price.

Tip! The disadvantages of installing concrete rings as a building material for autonomous sewage can be attributed to the heavy weight of parts, and therefore, the need to use equipment for laying rings of concrete into place.

Preparation for the construction

Before starting work, it is necessary to conduct preparatory activities:

• Determine the site for the arrangement of autonomous sewer system.
• Calculate the required dimensions of the septic tank.
• Purchase building materials and tools.

It is necessary to have a septic tank at a distance of four to five meters from the house and from other buildings, such as a bath and a utility block. Such measures will prevent blurring the foundation of the building.

Tip! When choosing the location of the autonomous sewage system it is necessary to rely not only on the position of the house and outbuildings. The terrain, the location of groundwater greatly influences the choice of a suitable site.

The septic tank should be located so that the filtered wastewater could not get into the large aquifers, from which the inhabitants of country houses can take water through wells and wells.

The volume of the septic tank depends on the number of residents and the rate of water consumption in the house. The calculation of the required volume is made, based on a three-day amount of fluid consumed by all residents of the house with a small margin for surprise guests.

Having calculated the required volume for autonomous sewage, you need to order a sufficient number of reinforced concrete rings. In addition to them, you will need:

• Cement, sand, crushed stone for the manufacture of "pillows" and concrete solution.
• Fittings.
• A piece of asbestos cement pipe PVC pipes with a diameter of 10-15 cm.
• Two sealed hatches to the size of concrete rings.
• Sealant.
• Shovel, puncher, heavy machinery for preparing a pit and lowering concrete rings into holes.

Device

Septic design can be of two types:

1. One consists of two tanks, one of which has a concrete-sealed bottom, and the other is on a pillow of sand and rubble. Both chambers are connected by an asbestos-cement pipe; each has a PVC pipe installed for venting gas and for regular cleaning. From above, both tanks are securely closed with fitted hatches. In this case, the autonomous sewage system works as follows: in the first tank there is waste from the house and it is gradually settled. Gradually, they decompose and excess gas is released through specially provided openings in the hatch covering the chamber of concrete rings. When the contents of the first tank reaches the connecting pipe, the distilled water flows into the second tank, and from there gradually goes into the soil through a natural filter in the form of sand with rubble. Such a septic tank does not require constant cleaning! It can be specially placed through the sewers bacterial preparations to accelerate the internal waste-free processing of the contents.  
2. The second one looks like one high-volume camera with a concrete bottom, PVC pipe as a gas outlet and the possibility of cleaning the septic tank. At the surface level, the container is securely closed with a hatch of the desired size. This type of autonomous sewage works as a drive, and needs annual septic tank cleaning from accumulated waste.

Mounting construction

Make a septic tank with two cameras as follows:

1. It is necessary to prepare a pit for two tanks, taking into account the thickness of the concrete rings. Wall and bottom align.
2. Lay a pillow of sand and rubble. At the location of the first container, pour a small part of the prepared concrete solution. It is necessary to place the armature in it - metal mesh or individual rods with a minimum thickness of 10 mm.
3.  After a day or two, you can install the reinforced concrete ring on the prepared foundation. All the joints of the rings of concrete with the foundation, or between themselves are sealed with concrete solution.
4. A sewer pipe is brought from the house using a trench about a meter deep. To prevent deformation and leakage of drain waste, it is necessary to lay the pipe on the mixture of sand and rubble, wrap it with waterproofing material and tamp on it with the ground up to the surface.
5. Nearby is the second chamber, the bottom of which is a pillow of sand and rubble. The upper levels of concrete ring structures should be at the same level.
6. At a height of two thirds from the bottom of the septic tank, two tanks are connected through a small hole with a segment of asbestos-cement pipe. The joints of the segment with both cameras need to be finished with high-quality sealant.
7. After the final installation of both containers, the gaps left around them should be filled with soil mixed with gravel and compacted. In some cases it is required to lay an additional waterproofing layer around the chambers of the septic tank, as well as the pipe connecting them.
8. From above, both chambers are hermetically sealed with suitable-sized hatches. To release the gas that appears due to decomposition of waste, it is necessary to pre-drill holes in the hatches for the diameter of the PVC pipes. Parts of polyvinyl chloride should be chosen in such a diameter that it is possible to pump out the contents through them. This will save effort and will allow not to organize an additional hole in the hatch for pumping.

Selection of concrete rings in size

1. Prepare a pit for the future septic tank.
2. Lay on the bottom of the pillow of sand and gravel, reinforcement and pour concrete. After the foundation has dried, concrete rings are placed on it and are connected to each other with a concrete solution.
3. From above, the septic tank is closed by a hatch with holes for gas exhaust and cleaning. Sections of PVC pipes are inserted and sealed into them.
4. Such a septic tank needs regular cleaning, that is, at the beginning or end of each summer season, it is necessary to free the septic tank from waste with the help of a special team of vacuum cleaners.

Installation Features

Tip! If it is impossible to pick up ready hatches for a septic tank, concrete slabs can be used as them. 

• A layer of sand with gravel must be created around the walls of the septic tank to prevent the container from deforming during the winter.
• In addition to the concrete solution, the rings can be connected with metal clips. This increases the reliability of the whole structure several times.

Video: Shambo septic tank