How to build a sewer well

Many residents of modern private houses are trying to provide for themselves and their loved ones the most comfortable living. Such comfort is directly related to the presence in the house of such systems as water supply and sewage. In rural areas, quite often a central sewage system is not provided, but the owners of houses may well equip the pipeline and sewer well with their own hands; moreover, this process will not take much time and will not be accompanied by serious financial costs.

Types of sewer system wells

Before undertaking construction, it is necessary to draw up a detailed diagram of the sewage system, which includes a drawing of the sewer well and the wiring of pipes. The best option would be to equip such a well below the level at which the house is located. In addition, the diameters of pipes and their number must be indicated in the diagram.

  Note! According to a predetermined scheme, it is easy to calculate the required amount of material, and accordingly the cost of construction.

In the scheme of the local sewer network, all types of wells that make up the system should be indicated.

Such network elements are of the following types:

• Sewage manhole - is designed to maintain the ability to monitor the elements of the system, clean the sewer pipes and remove gaps;
• Sewer differential wells - are necessary in those cases if it is not possible to provide the pipeline with the required angle;

• Filtration tank - settles down when installing a septic tank, and is necessary for collecting water after pre-treatment;
• Accumulative drain - is used for accumulation of waste, and is located as far as possible from the points of water intake;
• Rotary well for sewage - it is constructed in the field of pipeline rotation and performs the same functions as viewing ones.

Often, one well can perform several functions at once.

Such elements of the sewer system consist of the following parts:

1. Working chamber;
2. Neck;
3. The hatch covering the neck.

Materials for construction

Building material for sewage tanks can be:

• Concrete;
• Brick;
• Reinforced concrete;
• Concrete rings;
• Plastic wells.

It is possible to independently make manholes of sewers out of bricks, fill the bottom with concrete, carefully plastered the walls, and build reinforced concrete floors from above.

After the appearance of the sale of concrete rings construction process was greatly simplified.

For the construction of structures with the use of rings, you must:

1. Dig a suitable groove;
2. Cover the bottom with rubble and ram thoroughly;
3. The bottom is filled with mortar;
4. Rings are placed on the base, placing them on top of each other;
5. Joints between the rings are sealed with a solution.

It is possible to equip wells for the sewerage from plastic with advanced properties. The use of prefabricated plastic products can significantly simplify the process of arranging autonomous sewage.

Installation of such a product is not much different from the described technology of building a tank of concrete rings, but this process takes less time due to the low weight of plastic elements. In addition, the cost of arrangement will be significantly lower, because you do not have to rent specialized construction lifting equipment.

Advantages of prefabricated plastic structures

Plastic sewer well is a construction endowed with many positive qualities, the main of which are the following:

• Maximum tightness, ensuring safety for the environment, eliminating the possibility of sewage entering the soil;
• High strength indicators and resistance to aggressive environmental influences;
• The possibility of continuous operation at temperatures from +70 to -50 degrees;
• Simplicity and ease of installation.

DIY installation of the well

Now that we have become acquainted with all the existing types of these structures, we can begin the installation process.

Location selection

First of all, you need to choose the most suitable place for this. Of course, with inspection, filtering and rotating tanks everything is quite simple, but here the area where drain sewage wells will be equipped according to SNiP must also be chosen taking into account the convenience of installation work. This element of the sewer should be located away from the house and other points of water intake.

Council Choose a place for drain storage tanks in such a way that the pipe from the house to the well itself is straight. If this is not possible, then it is necessary to minimize the number of turns of the pipeline, since they are often the causes of blockages.

Before taking up the choice of location, it is also necessary to carefully examine the sanitary and hygienic norms and rules.

The basic rules for the construction of such tanks include:

• Inspection elements should be located with a minimum distance of 12-15 m from each other;
• The foundation of the task must be removed from the drain tank 5 meters or more;
• Filtration elements are at least 30 meters away from the water intake point;
• Wells should be located at each turn of the pipeline.

All of these requirements must be reflected in the scheme of the sewer network on the site.

  Note! The location of the drainage tank should be selected taking into account the possibility of access to it by vehicles, or rather, assenizatorskoy machines.

Selection of overall dimensions

It is quite easy to calculate the size of the storage tank using the general formula.

Instructions for the calculation is as follows:

1. The number of people using the sewers is calculated daily;
2. Calculates the volume of wastewater for the family per day based on the fact that for 1 person there are 150 liters of wastewater per day;
3. The volume of the structure should be three days' volume of waste, which means that we multiply the value obtained at the previous stage by three and obtain the required volume of the drain well.

The sizes of tanks of other types can be much smaller due to the fact that they are not cumulative.

Construction process

The process of building this element of the system is completely simple and affordable even for an inexperienced master.

It consists of only several main stages:

1. Digging pit. If there is an opportunity to use specialized equipment for this, this will significantly reduce the labor intensity and time spent on this process, but if there is no such possibility, then you can easily take up excavation work yourself or hire workers for a moderate fee;

1. If you are planning to build a system with a septic tank that makes environmental wastewater treatment, then it will be enough to fill the bottom of the well with rubble and tamp it down. In this case, the layer of rubble should be at least 40 cm. If a sealed tank is necessary, then the bottom should be created from a ready-made concrete slab or it should be poured with concrete solution;
2. Walls of the structure can be concrete, reinforced concrete, made of prefabricated rings, slabs or bricked out.. In the latter case, the surface of the masonry will need to be plastered with concrete. And when using rings or plates, it will be necessary to ensure the tightness of the joints with the help of sealants or concrete solution;
3. After the tank itself is ready for draining and storing it, it is necessary to install a ceiling with a hatch and a ventilation pipe on top of it.. The height of the ventilation pipe must be at least 60 cm above ground level;
4. After all the described works are completed, you can use the well to the full, the main thing is to remember to clean and empty it in time..

Ventilation in such facilities is simply a necessary element and an important safety requirement. The fact is that the decomposition of organic waste in the process of chemical reactions is accompanied by the release of methane gas. A high concentration of this gas can create an explosive situation.

In order to avoid such situations, many owners prefer to equip their own drain wells with a device such as a gas analyzer for sewage wells signaling danger.

Finally

Following all the recommendations given above, you can easily cope with the arrangement of the sewer system and build a sewer well yourself, thus making living in a private house even more comfortable for each member of your family.

And the video in this article will open for you even more secrets and nuances of such construction.