Septic tank for high groundwater levels
Sometimes, in private possessions, the occurrence of soil waters is found at a shallow depth, even 20–30 cm. The distance is small, and necessarily one has to arrange a septic tank for high groundwater levels — a unique but affordable structure. The septic tank allows you to save fully domestic wastewater, accumulate them as they become available, promptly clean the quality.
Purified water from the septic tank is disposed of in the ground. The devices do not compare with the usual drain holes, they are made in accordance with the rules and regulations for the protection of the environment and are environmentally friendly facilities. A septic tank, as an engineering structure, must be leakproof. This is done to prevent leakage of household waste into the surrounding soil.
Products can be made independently of bricks, concrete rings, prefabricated elements of other manufacturing. After the device, they must guarantee a high degree of tightness. For this reason, many use factory-made models.
Homemade septic tanks
You can make a model yourself from plastic containers. Do it, applying eurocube, constructing filtration wells. Capacities are interconnected by means of pipes. On them household sewage flows from one chamber to another. When equipping a space for a septic tank, it is necessary to lay a plate of reinforced concrete at the bottom of the pit, which will be a reliable cushion. Capacity is attached to it using anchor belts. They will be able to prevent the created structure from being pushed out of the ground.
Sometimes a monolithic reinforced concrete well may be a device option. It should not be seams, it can also prevent the penetration of runoff into the soil, if close groundwater. To do the work yourself, you need to dig a pit to a predetermined size. Then the formwork is equipped and fittings are placed inside it. After that, the device is filled with high-quality concrete.
Tip! It is desirable to add a hydrophobic additive to the concrete mix. It is intended to increase the waterproofing of the septic tank. Between the cameras arrange partitions with overflow holes. The camera inside is treated with a coating waterproofing.
The work requires the contractor's care and accuracy. If this is not, you can make a mistake, and then all the work will be incomplete. If the owner is confident in his skills and knowledge, then the involvement of specialists is not required.
Modern factory septic tanks
The industry of the country produces such devices with different volumes. Their range is extensive and available to any potential buyer. Anyone who wishes to have a factory-made model can choose their preferred option. Typically, the volume of the intended product should be 3-day amount of water consumption, which can spend the whole family living in the house.
Before you decide to purchase, you should examine in detail the proposals of the modern market. Choose exactly his version, which will be compact, for example, for a country house. And for a cottage or a spacious house should purchase a multi-chamber septic tank. In it, sewage will be subjected to multi-level treatment. This is the most complex device.
Now a 3-chamber product made in production can be a plastic container divided into 3 chambers. In the first of them, the drains are settled, divided into fractions. And in the second and third chambers, only their complete after-treatment is performed.
In models with production, infiltrators are used instead of a filtering well. These are devices that contribute to the rapid absorption of purified water by 95-99% in the soil. The devices are necessary, but they have a slight drawback. It is a large footprint.
Tip! Sewage models manufactured in production have a high cost. This is also considered a big disadvantage in them, because not every owner can buy it at an inaccessible price.
This problem does not allow the majority of those who want to buy a quality product and equip it. Too many questions need to be solved to get the job done. Difficulties creates a high GWL, waterproofing device, etc. But these questions are solvable, especially for knowledgeable people. Modern technology sewage equipment has the ability to solve them qualitatively. To groundwater include streams of natural origin:
- springs, underground keys, rivers, streams;
- marshlands;
- places with heavy rain and snow;
- changing the floodplain of rivers, reservoirs;
- temperature changes, sudden drops in atmospheric pressure;
- massive violation of soil layers, which may be due to unauthorized extraction of oil, gas, etc.
According to its composition, appearance and aggressive action, groundwater can be of general acid. This type of water can destroy and dissolve even the cemented surfaces of concrete. They have a pH of less than 6. For this reason, such water can adversely affect the integrity of the concrete pad. If you do not take into account this point, then you can imagine what will happen next with a pillow of concrete, because it is to her that the septic tank will be attached to the device.
Also, water can be leaching, in which there is a huge content of bicarbonate. It is even more than 1.5 mg. This can also lead to the destruction of concrete structures, albeit delayed. Magnesia water species contains divalent magnesium of more than 750 mg / l.
These types of water flows are not aggressive towards all types of cement. For example, sulphate water contains sulphate ions of more than 250 mg / l. By its presence it can contribute to the heaving of reinforced concrete structures, their destruction. In carbon dioxide water there is carbon dioxide. They are about 4 mg / l. It also destroys the surface and concrete and cement.
Soil waters, called “water pipes”, interfere with the construction of structures. Their level of occurrence ranges from 0.2 to 1 m. They depend on the amount of precipitation. You can not drink them. They can be suitable only for watering gardens and vegetable gardens.
Those waters that can be located at a depth of 1 m and up to 1.5 from the surface of the earth are suitable for drinking. They can come from keys, springs. But easily exposed to pollution. They can also be mixed with soil. The level of this mass of water may depend on rainfall, drought. They will also be able to influence the installation of the septic tank and its body. There are aquifers or interstitial waters.
The water level located at a depth of more than 2 m has a permanent occurrence character. Here it does not affect the arrangement and operation of a septic tank. Artesian water is usually located at a depth of more than 100 m. It is this water that is drunk, it does not affect the structure of the device.
There are in nature mineral waters. They are therapeutic and drinking compositions, occur in the rocks of the mountains at great depths. The device data structures have no effect. The device of any sewage is troublesome, requiring close attention, although some say that it is easy to arrange it.
The choice of location for the location of the structure, its labor-intensive installation, suggests that this work is serious, requires literacy from the contractor, the effectiveness of the structure created. Above the device must work pretty. But then the owner will be able to use the sewage system with a septic tank for many years effectively, without causing emergency situations in the autonomous sewage system.
The ascent of the septic tank, as well as the flooding of the pipe sewer system - these are the options under which the groundwater can flow through the pipeline to the building, and then to the plumbing fixtures in it. Then, sewage, sand, stones and other substances can damage the integrity of the walls of the septic tank outside. Only for these reasons for the manufacture of structures used in the production of high-strength plastics. Their protective sprinkling is performed using high-quality geotextiles.
Do not forget about microorganisms. When they appear, an environmental disaster of local significance arises. After all, the ground water in one place does not stand, the streams are constantly in motion. For this reason, they will be able to capture fecal masses along the way. This can happen when there is a penetration of soil water into the septic tank, where the primary sewage flows.
Such groundwater with fecal impurities can spread in the surrounding soils, filling them with microorganisms dangerous for humans and animals. This should be avoided! Reliable waterproofing is needed.