Types of sewer pipes and connections: selection criteria

For installation of systems of removal of the used water from the apartment or other room various types of sewer pipes and connections are used. Each material has its own distinctive features and technical characteristics, on which the sphere of its effective application depends.

If you are going to design a drainage system with your own hands, special attention should be paid to the question of choosing the right material.

Requirements for sewer pipes

In most cases, sewage systems are hidden from human eyes, however, despite this, they play a very important role in the life of a modern person. Without effective systems for the collection and recycling of wastewater, there would be no modern megacities.

What can I say, even Ancient Rome reached its peak, thanks in large part to its well-known public sewer system. Not for nothing in many countries of the world opened museums dedicated to sewage.

High-quality parts for the installation of drain networks must have two qualities:

1. Longevity. An accident of the waste system can cause many negative consequences: from the banal inability to visit the toilet to serious and life-threatening epidemics. Therefore, it is important that the drain system functions for a long time and correctly.
2. Good cross. The clogging in the sewers is very difficult to remove.

Varieties of waste systems

 Sewerage, depending on the functional purpose and location are divided into two types:

• internal - necessary for collecting used water inside buildings and structures, as well as transporting it to an external collector;
• external - delivery of sewage to various treatment systems.

Note! The process of designing and creating internal sewage systems is simple, because many design them yourself. The construction of external regulations is regulated by a special instruction, compliance with the requirements of which is necessarily checked by special bodies when the facility is put into operation.

Types of sewer pipes

Modern industry produces a large number of different products for the arrangement of the drain system. At present, cast iron and ceramic sewage pipes, as well as newer parts made of various types of plastic, have become classic.

Used earlier, concrete and asbestos cement have many drawbacks, because now they practically do not occur.

As for plastic, then an overwhelming number of modern systems are mounted from it.

It has many undeniable advantages:

• ease - it is possible to carry out delivery, warehousing and installation without the use of engineering equipment;
• low cost - the price of materials is much less than similar cast-iron or ceramic parts;
• ease of connection - to ensure a tight connection, it is enough to insert the smooth end of one pipe into the socket of the other.

Tip! Choosing products for the design of the drain system, you should pay attention to the technical characteristics of a particular material. In some cases, for example, the use of cast iron is more preferable for economic or architectural reasons.

Consider the different types of sewer pipes in more detail.

Time-tested quality

Speaking about which sewer pipes are better, they usually compare plastic parts with ceramic or cast iron products.

Despite the fact that the latest varieties have been known for a long time, they are used now because of their excellent technical characteristics.

1. Ceramics. These products are made from special clay mixed with chamotte or kaolin. Formed products are subjected to firing, which ensures high strength of all elements. At the next stage of production, the surface of the product is coated with a special glaze, which provides water resistance and protects elements of the waste system from exposure to chemicals.

Another feature of ceramic pipes is a smooth internal surface, due to which sewage drains are quickly removed from the drainage system, without forming blockages.

The pipe end and the inner surface of the socket is covered with special resins, which allows to achieve the desired level of tightness without the use of special equipment or welding.

The disadvantages of ceramics include high cost and large mass. They are very fragile, because they must be transported, stored and mounted with care.

1. Cast iron. The features of these parts for the manufacture of drainage systems is legendary strength, heat resistance and a huge service life - more than 80 years.

But cast iron has many disadvantages:

• the big weight complicating transportation and installation;
• susceptibility to corrosion;
• the rough internal surface promoting formation of traffic jams and blockages;
• high price.

Vestiges of the past

Products falling into this category are practically not used in modern construction. Their place was taken by more high-tech and convenient materials.

However, earlier for the manufacture of sewer systems were used:

1. Concrete pipes. Very heavy and bulky designs. For their transportation it is necessary to use special equipment. Now they are used for the purpose of arranging the main sewage channels of large diameter and mounting the external drainage system in private houses. Suitable only for transporting waste that does not destroy concrete, reinforced with metal fittings.

1. Asbestos cement pipes. They are not destroyed by exposure to chemicals, heat-resistant, have low weight and are inexpensive. But the inner surface of the products is rough, and they themselves are very fragile. Therefore, when installing and installing should be extremely careful.

Note! Asbestos cement is a material that is dangerous to human health. It can cause diseases of the respiratory system, as well as provoke asthma attacks in people predisposed to it.

Progress progress

The most modern material is plastic.

There are several types of such pipes:

1. Polyvinyl chloride. This is a gray or red sewer pipe, which has the necessary strength and lightness. One of the cheapest materials for the manufacture of drainage systems, perfectly withstands exposure to chemicals and has a perfectly smooth inner surface. Perfectly maintains low ambient temperature, but can collapse under the influence of hot water, the temperature of which exceeds 40 degrees Celsius.

There are several types of products:

• for interior work - a gray sewer pipe is used;
• for the external sewage system - parts painted in brown (red) color are used;
• Special pipes - a white sewer pipe, during the manufacture of which special substances are added to the plastic to reduce the noise level when the liquid passes through it.

1. Polypropylene. PP sewer pipes have the same advantages as PVC parts, with the exception of rigidity. But instead of the latter, they allow passage of drains whose temperature reaches 80 degrees Celsius. Most often, they are equipped with those parts of the sewage system to which dishwashers and washing machines are connected. Like the previous version, they are painted in gray and brown color depending on the place of installation.

Corrugated double-layer products also exist. This sewer orange pipe has increased flexibility and durability, facilitating the installation of the drain network.

1. Polyethylene. The HDPE sewage pipe is made of high-strength polyethylene by casting at low pressure. It is lightweight, durable and flexible. As a result, you can mount a system with fewer connections and couplings. Not suitable for transporting high temperature effluent. Outside of the room, corrugated pipes made of two layers of plastic are used.

1. Fiberglass. White sewage pipes for the manufacture of which special polyester resin is used. The strength of the product gives the fiberglass used for reinforcement.

These products have the following advantages:

• strength;
• ease of installation;
• heat resistant;
• chemical resistance;
• smooth inner surface.

The disadvantages include a fairly significant weight and high cost.

Conclusion

Before purchasing a pipe for installing a sewage system, determine its operating conditions. This will allow you to choose the best material in terms of price and quality.

You can learn more about creating sewer systems from the video in this article.