Sewer breakthrough: studying the network structure and

The city sewer network is an important engineering structure, which must certainly be in order, because the comfort of living for a large number of people depends on it. But as the global urban network, and its small areas in the house and apartments should be kept in the best condition because even a small sewer breakthrough threatens with troubles, the occurrence of which it is better not to allow.

Elements of the external sewer system

Every person living in modern cities and towns, equipped with a central drainage system, should have at least the slightest idea of ​​what the sewage map is, at least in order to know where the sewage flows.

In order to understand the structure of the system, one should become acquainted with its component parts:

The main types of sewer networks

Depending on the territory in which the waste collection system is organized, various schemes for its arrangement are chosen, such as:

• Zonal or lap. In this case, the system involves pumping waste from the lower to the upper zone;
• Crossed. This scheme is applicable for areas where the fall to the river is weak. In this case, the reservoir basins are connected to the main collector, passing along the reservoir;
• Radial. In this case, the reservoir basins are located in the radial direction from the central point of the settlement to its peripheral areas;

• Perpendicular. In this case, the reservoirs of different basins diverge perpendicular to the flow of the reservoir.

Note! Perpendicular scheme is used for the organization of sewage storm type.

Principles of sewage

Instructions for laying waste pipelines include laying parallel to the red building line.

Note! If the entrance has a width of more than 40 m, then the pipes are laid on both sides of the street.

Let's find out where the sewer goes. Laying of such networks is linked to other underground pads and is located under the broadening of sidewalks or under the surface of lawns.

• If there is a constant and rather intense traffic on the streets, then the network collectors are located in the general pipeline tunnel.
• Drains or elements of storm sewers are held under the carriageway of the street. At the same time laying of sewers is carried out at the same time when the arrangement of the bridge coatings is performed.
• In places where new buildings are being built that have serious gaps inside the block itself between houses or other buildings, sewage collectors are traced through the blocks, and not through street entrances.

For laying of external sewer networks massive concrete, asbestos-cement pipes, PVC and concrete products of round section are used.

The largest diameter of such pipes directly depends on the materials used for their manufacture:

• Concrete and ceramics - 50 cm;
• Concrete goods - 400 cm;
• Asbestos cement - 100 cm.

Note! The choice of pipe material for transporting liquid waste is made depending on the aggressiveness of the impact of groundwater, as well as on the composition of the soil itself.

If the sewer network is clogged, it must be washed and cleaned.

1. It is for this purpose that the system is provided with viewing wells in places where the diameter of the system changes, the slopes of the pipeline, turns, and also on fairly long sections of networks with a uniform diameter.
2. In places where the networks intersect with rivers, ravines, railway tracks, etc., trestles or duckers are installed:
3. Duyker - products that can operate under the natural pressure of the run-off wastewater.
4. The overpass is a bridge overlapping obstacles under which a pipe is laid in a metal box under an incline.

Sewage problems

Often, residents of multi-apartment buildings or private houses are worried about such problems of the wastewater collection system as breakthrough, leakage, blockage and even noise.

Pipe leakage

Often, problems with sewage are leaks, which are accompanied with the inconvenience associated with unpleasant odors. An emergency situation can be a breakthrough, but what to do if a sewage pipe has burst? Of course, if we are talking about a city network, then the Vodokanal City Service team will solve all the problems.

But not all citizens know where to call if the sewage system in the apartment broke. The fact is that only the homeowners themselves should monitor the condition of the pipes in the apartment or in the house, and if the pipe broke, then the residents should solve the problem with their own hands and quickly.

Therefore, you should call Vodokanal and ask to send the master, promising him a decent payment. This master can also resolve the issue with the leaks or blockages, if the reason is in him.

In the meantime, the master did not come, you need to think about how to plug the sewer pipe.

Causes noise from the sewer

Noise isolation of the riser in some apartments is just a necessity. The fact is that the constant noise and gurgling from the sewer pipe can lower the comfort level of living and create a tense psychological atmosphere.

The following reasons may be the answer to the question why sewage gurgles:

• This is the sound of falling water;
• You hear the sounds of the blowing wind coming from the vent of the sewer system;
• It is possible that gurgling is associated with blockage or repair work several floors below.

The only thing that can save you from such unpleasant sounds is the insulation of sewage pipes, especially since the price of such a procedure is not too high.

Finally

The sewage system is by all means an important and necessary engineering network for any settlement. Every person has long perceived sewage as something familiar and does not even think about where the water from the sewage goes, and this system is a huge pipeline that eventually connects to sewage treatment plants.

Everyone should understand that the corresponding services monitor the state of the elements of the central network, but if a problem arises within one apartment or one house, then it will be necessary to solve it independently, which is why it is necessary to monitor the condition of the pipes.

And to learn more about how extensive the sewer system can be, and how to behave in an emergency you can from the video in this article.