Sewer pipes - subtleties and scope of use

Sewage pipes are rightfully considered to be the basis of any drainage system. The reliability and performance of the structure depends on their quality. In this case, it is not so important that it is settling in - a run-off for a private house with its own hands, municipal multi-storey buildings or storm sewers, in any case, the pipeline cannot do.

In this article we will talk about the main points of installation of the drainage system and mention the non-standard use of this type of pipes.

Common types of designs

In our fast-moving age, science does not stand still, and the production of sewage pipes in this case is no exception.

Along with the well-known classics, new high-quality materials are constantly appearing on the market, and now we will try to understand the range of products common to the market.

• Massive reinforced concrete collectors have been used to drain industrial and municipal wastewater for more than 50 years. It is dominated by products of large diameter, which have long proven their reliability and durability. But along with this there are significant drawbacks.

So for the laying of reinforced concrete structures, of course, need heavy construction equipment. Plus, to mount such a layout is impossible without deep engineering knowledge and excellence.

• Long-known cast iron has already morally outdated itself. Undoubtedly, the material is durable and reliable, but cast iron belongs to ferrous metals and it is susceptible to corrosion.. Laying these lines also requires the participation of lifting equipment, as cast iron has an impressive weight, add to this a substantial load on the supporting structures and the inability to use for external wiring. These lines are still in operation, but they are gradually changing.

• Asbestos cement structures are much lighter than reinforced concrete.. The composition of chrysotile cement, with special polymer additives, provides a sufficiently long service life. But the material is fragile, plus the construction can only be laid in a straight line. The instruction allows the use of fiber-reinforced concrete in external wiring, but only for thick-walled products with a diameter of more than 200 mm.
• Polymeric sewer pipes, at the moment, are the most demanded material at arrangement of drainage system. But here is not so simple. For example, products made from polyvinyl chloride or PVC, are fully suitable for internal wiring.

They can withstand temperatures up to 70? С and stand firmly in household chemicals. But when installed in open ground, they require additional protection from mechanical overload, plus they are afraid of aggressive acids.

• The price of polyethylene products, of course, pleases the material is elastic and chemically resistant. But he is not able to withstand temperatures above 40? C, for this reason it is, for the most part, used for the dacha variant or for rainfall.
• Designs from polypropylene, at the moment, are considered the most reliable, practical and durable among polymer systems. They can be both smooth-wall and multilayer corrugated. This material can withstand almost any chemistry. If we talk about temperature stability, the limit is about 100? C, which is quite enough for both industrial and household communications.

Some moments of installation

High-quality installation of the system depends on many factors, so the approach must be comprehensive. If you want to mount the drain so that your descendants thank you, then you should take into account all the details.

Diameter selection

The diameter of sewer pipes is selected depending on the design volume and nature of the effluent. The main law here is considered to be a gradual increase in the cross-section of communications, ranging from household plumbing fixtures to the external collector. If at any point of the line to mount a pipe of smaller diameter, then in this place there is a high probability of systematic blockages.

Naturally, there are formulas for the exact calculation of the cross section of drainage structures, but they are used more to create large-scale projects in construction organizations and design institutes. At the household level and in private construction is much easier.

Masters involved in the installation of structures designed for the removal of domestic wastewater, traditionally for internal wiring in an apartment or house use a cross section of 50 mm. This is enough to ensure the smooth withdrawal of liquids. In some cases, with a large number of discharge points concentrated on one floor, several points can be reduced to a single pipe with a cross section of 70 - 75 mm.

As for risers, in buildings with a height of no more than 5 floors, the diameter of sewage tubes of 100–110 mm is traditionally used. In the horizontal layout, the only exception is a toilet drain, it is made at least 100 mm and should not exceed the cross section of the riser. The maximum length of the sewer pipe from the toilet to the riser 1m.

It is important: sometimes the question arises whether it is necessary to increase the cross-section of the riser, if there is a bidet in the bathroom. Experts believe that this is unnecessary, the probability of simultaneous draining is almost zero. In addition, if 100 mm is enough to output the drains of a five-story building, then there is a place for a bidet.

Ventilation system

Ventilation channels from sewer pipes in the house are an indispensable condition for the normal functioning of the entire system. To ensure ventilation settles separate fan pipe. The shape, length and angle of inclination of this structure do not play a big role, in this case it is important to ensure safe contact of the closed system with the environment.

The fact is that with a large volume of simultaneously discharged liquid or a high height of the risers, a vacuum can form in the system. This is not so dangerous as unpleasant.

Discharged atmosphere in the system can be compensated by hydraulic locks. In other words, water can be drained from toilet bowls and siphons. There have been cases when water was drained from washing machines and dishwashers.

To compensate for this vacuum, ventilation from sewer pipes is mounted. That is, the system is equipped with a fan outlet through which air exchange takes place.

Important: the ventilating fan system can not be mounted only in one-story buildings, the volume of drains in which does not exceed the diameter of the outward-facing outer pipe. This is a standard private house with one bathroom, bathroom, washing machine and several sinks.

Tilt angle

Practically all such systems belong to gravity flowers, therefore it is important at what angle the sewer pipes are mounted. Depending on the diameter of the structure, the minimum value can vary from 10 to 40 mm per 1 linear meter of the system. We present for you a table of average values ​​when installing drain structures.

Non-standard use of products

Plastic pipes have always been a convenient material for arranging various kinds of devices not directly related to the profile purpose of the pipes.

Our enterprising people often insert these designs in the most unexpected places.

• The leader here, of course, is the ventilation of the sewer pipes. Smooth-wall sewer systems look much better than standard metal ventilation ducts. Installation of such a wiring is done faster, plus the system itself is silent, durable and durable.
• Avid gardeners know that the hydroponic installation of sewage pipes, made by hand, in its effectiveness can exceed most of the serial factory options, while the price it will be scanty.

• In self-made acoustic systems (subwoofers), phase inverter from a sewer pipe is often used for cars, because with its help it is easy to select the desired sound of low frequencies.
• The household vacuum cleaner is not intended for fine, powder materials such as cement, a cyclone from sewer pipes can be useful here. The video in this article shows the operation of such a device.

Also on the video in this article you can find more complete information on the topic.

Conclusion

As you can see, sewer pipes are convenient and practical designs. With proper installation, they will serve for decades. Plus, besides their direct destination, pipes can be used in various places.