Bioreactor yourself

With the increase in world energy prices, many people in rural areas are thinking about alternative methods of replacing them. Some inventors installed wind turbines to supply their homes with electricity. But what about the gas? After all, the lion's share of the cost of heating goes to pay for gas consumed. People began to think about how to get gas on their own. For this purpose, a bioreactor working on agricultural waste was created. For a simple countryman, this is a very expensive installation. But some inventors claim that almost every owner of his yard can make a bioreactor with his own hands.

The principle of operation of the bioreactor

The bioreactor works on organic waste, therefore, for its continuous operation, the constant availability of manure and other agricultural waste is necessary. The biogas produced by the plant is a biologically pure fuel, and in terms of its performance it is similar to natural gas.

The work of the bioreactor consists in processing organic waste for gas and fertilizer. To do this, they are loaded into the reservoir of the bioreactor, where anaerobic bacteria process biomass. To obtain proper fermentation, air must not be allowed to enter the tank. Processing time depends on the amount of waste loaded. Allocated gas consists of methane 60%, and carbon dioxide - 35%. Other impurities are 5%. The resulting gas is cleaned and then ready for use in household appliances.

Tip! The processed raw material is removed from the tank and used as a fertilizer in agriculture, and new waste is loaded in its place.

The design of the simplest bioreactor

The simplest device that can be built with your own hands consists of a reactor for recycling, a loading tank, an access hatch, a hatch for collecting waste waste, a hydraulic lock, a flue gas pipe. For a better idea, there is a bioreactor scheme in a simple version.

The bioreactor is made of reinforced concrete or a metal tank and installed in the selected yard area. The most important thing is to have complete tightness of the installation. The size of the tank depends on the constant amount of waste for processing, which is loaded on 2/3 of its size. For reference: 100 m is obtained from 1 ton of waste during processing.³ gas. Based on these calculations, it is impractical to install a small capacity. After all, the amount of produced gas depends on the amount of waste to be recycled. One of the main devices on the tank is a waste collection hatch, which must be sealed.

Tip! Spent waste constantly need to unload. To prevent the hatch from deforming from frequent opening, and there is no gas leakage, it is necessary to provide for its reliable construction.

Particular attention should be paid to the construction of the reservoir. Walls and bottom should have a solid concrete base. Reinforcement is required during casting. After solidification of the solution, the surface is treated with means of waterproofing. The top of the tank is made of refractory bricks laid on a metal frame.

Biomass heating

The constant operation of the reactor depends on the vital activity of bacteria causing fermentation of biomass. In the cold mass, they are in sleep mode. It is necessary to warm it up to the desired temperature and the bacteria will resume their work. The optimal fermentation temperature is from +38^?C. In warm regions, the outside air temperature is sufficient to operate the reactor without preheating. And for cold regions will have to install a heating system. A heating coil installed under the tank can cope with this problem. It is connected to the heating system and the taps (or thermostat) regulate the circulation of hot water to maintain the desired temperature.

Tip! Just as an option, you can install a coil with electric heaters. They are connected to an automation system that regulates the heating temperature. To do this, you can use the usual automation of water boilers.

Bioreactor Mixer

During the operation of the reactor, for better bacterial activity, the raw materials must be mixed periodically. This role can be performed by the device as a mixer. Its blades are inside the tank, and the shaft goes outside. The mixer is driven by an electric motor. In the place of the shaft exit there must be glands that maintain the chamber tightness.

Tip! In some cases, a sealed electric motor is installed directly in the tank.

Receiving gas

The gas produced during the reaction is discharged through a gas exhaust pipe connected to the top cap. It is fed through a pipe into a hydraulic lock that will prevent air from entering the gas. The gas purified in a water seal is sent to the gas-holder for further transportation to the consumer. To improve the system, you can install two gasholder. In this system, condensate will settle in the first tank, and gas will be pumped into the second tank under pressure. To control the gas pressure, it is necessary to install a pressure gauge and a release valve. Excess gas pressure will open the valve and bleed the excess out.

The bioreactor you made will significantly reduce the waste for energy for home heating and help in the development of an agricultural farm.

Video

Watch a short, self-made biogas plant:

A photo