How to properly designed and installed plumbing and sewage

If you want quality of life in your home to meet all standards, take care of engineering networks. This is especially true of those city dwellers who have moved into the country for a season or for permanent residence.

Fortunately, times have changed, and the possibility of creating the necessary engineering networks has increased. Today we will understand how water supply and sewerage are independently conducted in a private house, taking into account the specifics of the project and installation.

General design issues

Laying of water supply and sewage is included in the joint project. This is due to the need to protect drinking water from sewage into it in the event of various accidents in the discharge system.

Consider the basic requirements that must be considered when developing a project:

• the instruction prohibits laying of water and sewage pipes in one trench;
• the distance between the water supply and sewage horizontal between parallel branches should be from 1.5 m (pipe to O 200 mm);
• if there is a need to cross the water line sewer or vice versa, the water pipe should be located above. Perform this point is problematic due to the fact that the water supply is recommended to lay below the level of soil freezing, at the same time, sewage can be higher. We advise in this case to mount on the first protective case. In fact, the vertical distance between the water supply and the sewage system is not regulated;
• Be sure to follow the rules for the use of water supply and sewage. For example, do not discharge wastewater into the soil near the place of drinking water intake;
• when placing sanitary appliances in the room should be considered in order to minimize the length of the lines to the risers.

Autonomous water supply

Thanks to modern automatic systems, it is possible to mount the water supply system so that any human intervention in its work is excluded. This construction consists of:

Below, the elements of the system will be considered in more detail. And, now, we will focus on the quality of equipment and materials for the manufacture of sewage and water lines in a private house.

These systems are engineering, so the price of components and equipment should not be low category, and everything should be purchased only from reputable manufacturers, not “noname”. Pay a lot of attention in this context to the deep equipment, the work with which takes a lot of effort, money and time.

Tip: do not be willing to get the benefit right now, after a while you have to spend much more to repair or replace equipment.

Where to get drinking water

In addition to the central water supply there are three types of source:

1. Well - the simplest structure. Traditionally, it is dug up to the second aquifer, since in the first one the quality of water is much worse. Casing structures are performed with stone or wood, as well as reinforced concrete rings of different diameters. The size of the latter depends on the supply of water.
2. Well it is drilled on sand in the case when layers saturated with moisture are located at a considerable depth from the surface, and also when it is technically impossible to dig a well or it is not economically feasible.
3. Artesian wells used for opening deep reservoirs of drinking water. The construction is quite expensive, and powerful pumps will be needed to raise the water. A big plus is that the resulting fluid is usually of high quality.

Equipment

Modern technology has allowed routine work to automate, so we recommend using the necessary equipment for water supply and sanitation of a private house.

Water supply can be arranged using:

1. Surface pumping stations, which include:

• centrifugal pump;
• a small receiver with some pressurized water to make it easier to start;
• automatic control system.

1. Submersible pumps:

• small power, which are usually used for well. There are also vibration and centrifugal models;
• for wells that have a small outer diameter. With their technical characteristics, they allow you to supply water from a considerable depth.

Water networks

Installation of a water supply network is not difficult, so every home owner can easily do it with his own hands.

It should be noted that the water pipes:

• need to be laid below the ground freezing level or not higher than 500 mm to the surface with insulation;
• should be equipped with shut-off valves, which will make it possible to shut off certain sections of the pipeline or close the flow completely.

We recommend using plastic pipes inside the house for running water and sewage. So you can significantly simplify and speed up the installation process.

Tip: be sure to warm the pipes that pass through unheated rooms and when entering the water supply system into the dwelling. Do not forget to follow the manufacturer's instructions during the installation of all sanitary devices.

Autonomous sewage

Its basis is a device for wastewater treatment.

According to the requirements of sanitary rules, they can be discharged only when they have an acceptable concentration of impurities.

1. The most effective option is an aerotank or a system of deep biological treatment. Its principle of operation is based on the use of aerobic bacteria, the drains for which are a nutrient medium. This type of bacteria can maintain viability with the access of oxygen; therefore, such equipment must be provided with a forced constant air supply. Because of this, the aerotank turns into a volatile installation, the work of the aerator is directly connected to the power supply from the mains.

1. A simpler device is a septic tank, where the drains are cleaned mechanically and with the help of anaerobic bacteria, for which constant access of oxygen is not needed. Due to this, the system design is much simpler.

Tip: when constructing such a system, it is necessary to take into account that it is impossible to install a septic tank near the water intake, as well as the sewage system and external water supply should be laid in compliance with the rules of their mutual arrangement.

Regulatory requirements for laying sewer network:

1. The project must be provided for viewing and turning wells.
2. The pipe should be located under a slope of 2-3%, then it will be possible to achieve the optimum speed of movement of the effluent. It also will not allow blockages to form.
3. It is advisable to lay a sewer at a level that is below the depth of soil freezing. Stacking higher than 300 mm is allowed for pipes whose diameter is less than 400 mm, otherwise it is necessary to provide insulation.

Installation of water supply and drainage systems

The process is not particularly difficult, but if you decide to do everything for the first time, consult an expert, as some equipment is quite expensive.

We recommend that before starting work, think over the installation sites of the devices in order to reduce the number of pipelines, thereby reducing installation costs. A competent approach to design and quality materials used for these systems will allow them to serve a long time.

Tip: if you have a centralized water supply and drainage, you are given the rules for using municipal water supply and sewage in accordance with the tariffs of companies operating equipment.

Conclusion

Sewerage and plumbing on a country site - the basis of comfort. Therefore, you should approach their installation with special attention. The main thing is to follow the instructions of the installation process and do not rush.

The video in this article will provide an opportunity to find additional information on the above topic.