Septic tank made of concrete rings

A country house or cottage is an alternative way of living in housing issues that is alternative to city apartments. Toilet on the street does not suit many. For a comfortable suburban residence requires a waste disposal system. Autonomous sewage disposal systems are convenient and environmentally friendly. They do not pollute the soil, nearby reservoirs, cope with any volume of sewage. Options for autonomous septic tanks abound - from the factory to homemade. A septic tank of concrete rings with his hands quickly built. This is an economical option for a cleaning system. Due to the heavy weight of the composite concrete elements, you will need a crane and trucks.

The device of a septic tank from rings in essence does not differ from other options. It is very good when the septic tank consists of three sections or chambers. From the house sewage pipes sewage get into the first section, where the biological decomposition of waste into heavy fractions, water and gas. Heavy elements settle in the form of sludge, gradually filling the section. When filling the first section, the liquid fraction flows through the connecting channel to the second, where its secondary decomposition and filtration take place. In the third section, final cleaning takes place. After that, purified water enters the soil either through drainage holes in the section, or through the drainage pipe system.

The first two sections must be completely sealed to prevent the ingress of waste into the soil and aquifer. The third section can be airtight or have drainage holes for the discharge of water into the ground.

The accumulated sludge in the first compartment can be pumped out in a few years, which will extend the life of the septic tank.

Components of a septic tank

Installation scheme of a septic tank:

1. Inlet sewer pipe from the house, at a distance of 25–35 cm below the top of the septic tank.
2. The first section of concrete rings to collect sewage. The chamber has openings for the incoming pipe, for arranging overflow, air traffic, a hatch for inspection and pumping of solid deposits.
3. The second section of concrete rings to collect sewage, past the primary biological processing, or for recycling when filling the first section. The camera has a hatch for inspection and pumping. There are two openings for connecting with the first and third sections for air traffic and overflow of the liquid fraction.
4. The third section of concrete rings for final cleaning and filtration of wastewater. It has an inlet for the receipt of purified water from the second section, an inspection hatch and a vent. It may have an outlet to drain the drainage pipe, or drainage holes in the concrete rings.
5. Outlet Drain Pipe

Concrete well consists of:

• concrete slab on which concrete rings are installed;
• concrete rings (their number depends on the required volume of the septic tank);
• holes in the rings with connecting elements (pipes) for overflow of drains and air exchange. The outlet should be lower than the incoming level;
• concrete or wooden cover for rings;
• the viewing pig-iron hatch.

The last concrete well may have drainage holes in the lower concrete ring to drain purified water to the ground.

Design calculation and choice of place for installation

Before each owner of suburban real estate raises the question of how to make a septic tank on their own for ages and at minimal cost. The use of ready-made factory concrete rings significantly reduces construction time. The range of rings allows you to choose the desired option for the dimension (height, diameter). For a family of 3-4 people, a septic tank with a working volume of one cleaning chamber of 2 m is required.³. That is, a three-section septic tank must have a minimum of 6 m.³ total usable volume.

Taking into account the reserve of 20–30%, the air component of the volume of one chamber is 2.5–3 m³. The ring with an inner diameter of 2 m, height of 0.89 m has a volume of 2.8 m³. Such rings for the autonomous system will require only 3, one ring for each camera.

When using standard rings with a diameter of 1 m, 4 concrete sections will be required. The bottom of the chamber will be located at a depth of at least 4 m.

According to building codes, a septic tank should be located at a distance of at least 5 m from the house and other buildings. The nearest water sources, reservoirs, should be at least 50 m. Ground water should be located below the bottom of the septic tank. It is advisable to organize the approach of the vacuum truck to the septic tank.

Septic installation

At the selected place digging pit. It can be rectangular or round in shape (for each section of the septic tank). The perimeter of the pit should exceed the size of the rings for free installation and subsequent work on waterproofing.

The bottom is leveled and the sand cushion is not less than 20 cm high. The bottom plate of the well is installed on the pillow. A ring or several rings are placed on top of one another, as shown in the video.

The joints between the rings, the bottom plate and the floor slab are sealed with cement-sand mortar. For better sealing, they are treated with a waterproofing solution or other composition.

In the wells make holes in the passage of sewer pipes and connections. All mates are sealed. After the installation of the entire system, ventilation pipes and manholes must be taken up. Septic tank fall asleep to the floor slab and warmed if necessary.

Video

This video shows the advantages of mounting a septic tank from concrete products:

A photo