Sewage system in an apartment house: device and installation

When planning repairs, which include the replacement of sewage, the connection of additional devices and appliances or redevelopment, it is necessary to understand the basic principles of the design of this system. Without a clear understanding of the principles of work you can not avoid many mistakes in the process of installation. And the cost of such errors, as a rule, is quite high, since the only opportunity to fix it is to completely redo the whole layout.

It should be noted that the sewage system in an apartment building does not seem to be a complex system. Its tasks are simple and intuitive: transporting wastewater from water intake points, which can be used as washbasins, sinks, washing machines, bath bowls, etc., to the standpipe.

Note! The main complexity of the sewage pipeline is that the wastewater must be transported by gravity, so the project must take this circumstance into account.

Sewers typical apartment buildings

Houses built according to standard designs of the last century usually involve close placement of a bathroom and a kitchen, so the sewer pipeline is the same in them.

Distribution, as a rule, is made in the following sequence:

1. Under the sink in the kitchen, as a rule, the system begins;
2. Then goes to the bathroom;
3. Toilet, where it is inset into the central riser, going through all the floors of the building.

Note! The house riser must have a roof outlet in order to provide ventilation of the system.

Installation of the system should be based on the following principles:

• The main task of the system is to transport wastewater from devices in each apartment to a common riser.;
• The work of the system is based on the principle of drift without the need to create additional pressure.;
• In order to organize gravity flow, pipes must be placed at an angle;

Note! The angle of inclination of the pipeline is governed by the rules and regulations for sewage in an apartment building.

• Slope must be maintained throughout the pipeline.. In the absence of a slope on some sections of the system, especially in the turning sections, sewer blockages in an apartment building will often form.

Scheme of sewer pipeline

As a rule, all sanitary appliances in the house need to be connected to the sewer riser, with the exception of the heated towel rail and water heater, which do not require drainage.

For the organization of the sewage system in the framework of one apartment usually use the standard scheme:

1. The sewer riser is equipped with a crosspiece, which is equipped with three outlets, two of which are intended for connection with tubes of 50 mm diameter, and one for 100-mm pipes;
2. The main line of the system with a diameter of 10 cm is used to organize the toilet drain;
3. One of the highways with a diameter of 5 cm is necessary to connect appliances that are located in the bathroom, these can be: bathroom, shower, washbasin, etc .;
4. The second five-centimeter highway is needed for organizing the drain of the appliance in the kitchen, which, as a rule, is a sink, dishwasher, etc .;
5. The remaining pipes in the system are branching highways to the plumbing to be connected. The connection sequence in this case is determined only by the installation location of additional plumbing.

Note! In apartments with a sufficiently large area, it can be equipped with two outlets of a sewer riser, especially if the layout provides for a remote location of the bathroom and kitchen.

Sewerage repair

Due to the fact that the eternal equipment has not yet been invented, in due time each owner will be faced with the need to repair the sewage system in an apartment building.

Pipe selection

Modern homeowners no longer install cast-iron pipes, most of them prefer plastic.

The following types of pipes will be suitable for the sewerage:

• PVC - polyvinyl chloride;
• HDPE - polyethylene;
• PPRC - polypropylene.

Council There is no fundamental difference between these types of materials. Of these, can be created as a sewer pipe, and storm sewer in an apartment building.

Assembly technology

The instruction specifying how to assemble the pipes with your own hands is extremely simple and clear:

• Each pipe with one of its sides is equipped with a connecting sewer coupling with a seal of soft rubber;
• Connecting elements of the system, called fittings, have the same couplings;
• To arrange a joint, an empty end of the pipe without a coupling is required to connect with the fitting or pipe coupling. The rubber ring of such a coupling will guarantee the tightness of the connection;
• Experts recommend to drive the pipe all the way, and then move it back a distance of no more than 1 cm. This method provides a damping gap that will compensate for linear extensions.

In the event that the sanitary device is so far from the sewer riser that it is not possible to organize the movement of water by gravity, it is necessary to install a sewage pump in the system.

Terms of use

There are rules for the use of sewage in an apartment building, which every user of the sewer system is obliged to fulfill in order to avoid breakdowns and blockages.

1. Toilets, sinks and washbasins should be kept clean;
2. Owners must monitor the proper condition of their own plumbing fixtures and prevent breakages;
3. Do not pour flammable liquids and acids into the system;
4. Do not allow meaningless consumption of water, its constant flow or leakage;
5. It is prohibited to throw food waste into the drain;
6. It is prohibited to drain the sewer system before the sewer is cleaned in an apartment building;
7. It is prohibited to dispose of construction waste, sand, dry construction mixtures and their residues, rags, hygiene items, with the exception of toilet paper, glass, items made of wood and metal;
8. Protect pipes and plumbing fixtures from mechanical shocks and severe loads;
9. To clean the plastic pipe from the outside, use a soft, damp cloth;

Council In no case should metal brushes be used for surface cleaning.

1. When clogging plastic pipes can not use steel wire, such cleaning is done with a thin polyethylene pipe or a hard rubber hose.

Sewerage is necessary for the disposal of sewage and liquid waste, and all family members, including children, should be familiar with the rules for its use.

Finally

If you are planning to overhaul with the complete replacement of sewer pipes, then the video in this article will help you with a detailed description of all stages of the work. But the main rule of this process is to do everything well and efficiently, since proper operation of the sewage system is the key to comfortable living in an apartment building.

And in addition to the correct production of repairs, it is also necessary to properly use this system, excluding breakdowns and blockages in the system.