Sewerage in a high-rise building - the main features of the

14-03-2018

Sewage

The sewage system in a high-rise building has a number of features, primarily due to the fact that the system is much more complicated than in a private house, and must cope with fairly large loads during operation. To understand all the features of the structure, it is necessary to know the basic principles on which it is created, and to represent which functions each element is intended for.

This is how the general system looks in a simplified form, as you can see, there is nothing complicated in it.

System requirements

Immediately it is worth noting that the design organizations that make up the layout of the system, in their work are guided by the numerous rules set forth in the relevant SNiP and GOST. Therefore, it is not worth doing this part of the work with your own hands, since even the simplest sewage system in the five-story building is actually much more complicated than it seems at first glance.

The following requirements are imposed on all facilities of this kind without exception:

Optimal piping diameters	For the best functioning, it is necessary to calculate all the sizes, it depends on this to a large extent how well the sewage water will be discharged and how resistant the construction will be to blockages.
The use of quality materials and components	If previously used products made of cast iron, nowadays plastic occupies the leading position due to a number of advantages: very low weight of elements, resistance to blockages due to smooth walls, ease of installation and high durability
Compliance with regulations	There are many requirements for the location of elements, their fastening and the distance from the walls. Any violations can lead to the fact that the regulatory authorities simply do not accept the object, which will result in additional costs for altering the system in accordance with the requirements
Reliability and durability	The design should be as reliable and convenient for maintenance as possible so that in case of emergency situations to quickly solve the problem, because any malfunction is fraught with flooding of several apartments at once, and sometimes even entire floors.

Each room in the house in which there is a sewage system is designed separately.

Overview of the main components of the system

The sewage scheme in a multi-storey building is much more complicated than in a private building, and each part is very important, and any shortcomings grow into big problems afterwards. In this regard, it is important to know some factors that directly affect the quality of work of the entire sewage system.

Riser

The main part of the construction, without which the laying of sewage in high-rise buildings is impossible

The sewer riser in a multi-storey building is subjected to the most severe loads, and it is this part of the system that is fundamental.

The location of the remaining parts is determined precisely in accordance with the position of the main highway, so the review must begin with it:

The location of the risers, their diameter and material of manufacture are determined at the design stage.. All work begins with the study of the project and in accordance with it.

Note! You can not allow the passage of the riser through the living room or next to them, because even properly assembled system has a sufficiently significant level of noise, which will constantly create discomfort to all residents.

First of all, the marking of the future position of the structure is carried out, it can be located both inside the walls (then strobing will be needed) and outside, in this case the pipe is exposed with a certain indentation from the surface.
If the installation is indented from the surface, then it is necessary to fix the clamps that will fix the structure; for this, holes for the dowels, which come with the fixture, are drilled in the plates. It is important to control the verticality of the location of the clamps in order to quickly and easily make the necessary adjustments, using stud screws.

In the photo: the stud screw is specifically designed for quick adjustment of the position of the fixing clamps for sewer pipes

Next is the installation of the riser, the work starts from the bottom, while after the installation of each element its position is controlled by the construction level, the position must be strictly vertical without any deviations.

Remember! The diameter of the main effluent should be the same throughout its length, this ensures that no blockages occur in places of varying thickness, since they are the most dangerous areas.

For ventilation, exhaust pipes are drawn to the roof., which should be located at a distance of at least 4 meters from open windows and balconies.

The exit of the pipe to the roof must be properly protected from leakage during precipitation.

It is worth noting that the device of storm sewage in a multi-storey building is rarely realized today through risers due to the fact that during precipitation the residents are disturbed by extraneous noise from flowing down water. Therefore, most often in modern homes is a separate spillway system.

Sewage in apartments

This part is very similar to the system in private homes.

When designing and installing, you should remember several important rules that will ensure the longest possible operation without blockages, you need to understand how the sewage system is arranged, and which indicators are most important:

For smooth operation, it is necessary that all pipes converge to the riser with a slope of 3 to 5 degrees, while it is important that the figure was the same from beginning to end. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully set the position of all elements before they are fixed and fixed. Uneven bias can be a cause of blockage, which will be very difficult to remove.

The slope should be uniform throughout the length

It is best to make a system in which the pipe will go from the kitchen through the bathroom or bathroom to the riser without turns and branches. The fewer bends in the pipe, the less the likelihood of blockages and deposits on the walls. The instructions for carrying out the work are simple: as few turns as possible, and as even as possible gradients.
Do not forget about the need to leave the revision nodes to clean the system in case of problems. It is worth remembering that according to statistics, the most problematic is the area from the kitchen sink to the bath. It is also important to leave the inspection hatch in the riser, otherwise it will be impossible to remove the sewer blockage without damaging the pipe.

It is best to use plastic pipes and fittings, their price is quite democratic, and the installation process is very simple - you can cope with it yourself

Conclusion

Only the implementation of all the recommendations of regulatory documents guarantees a good result, as the sewer systems and their proper functioning largely depend on high-quality installation. The video in this article will help to understand the topic even better.