Automatic control of ventilation in the room
Proper air exchange in the room creates a comfortable environment, not only for people, but all the objects and plants in it. To achieve this manually is difficult, because you can not watch the readings of instruments around the clock. Sometimes you will be very hot, then cold, then stuffy and not enough air. To solve such problems allows only automatic control of ventilation, which we will discuss in the article.
Main advantages
The use of automatic controls for indoor air exchange makes it possible to reduce the cost of cooling and heating it by almost 20%. This is quite an impressive number, so we advise you to pay close attention to our recommendations. The main objectives of such ventilation control systems are to maintain and manage the specified climatic parameters (see also the article Ventilation Testing: Test Values and Regulatory Requirements).
You can also:
- adjust the fan speed;
- protect the water heater from frost;
- maintain air parameters;
- display or indicate the degree of contamination of the filters.
What is the system of automatic ventilation
Like any technical device, it contains the basic elements that help it ensure stable operation. Consider them in more detail:
| Sensors |
Their price can be significant, so think about their quantity before installing them. |
| Regulators | They are one of the main elements of the automation system, which provide control of actuators depending on the readings of various sensors. |
| Actuators | They are devices of different types:
|
Now consider the ventilation controllers:
- Temperatures are:
- outdoor - installed on the leeward side of one of the corners of the building, retreating from the ground 2/3 of its height;
- room - installation can be carried out with their own hands in a place neutral from cold and heat at a height of 1.5 m from the floor surface;
- channel (to determine the air temperature in the duct) - installed perpendicular to the flow;
- invoices to the pipeline (determine the temperature of its surface).
- Devices for the determination of humidity are made for room and duct execution. This is a unit with an electronic device that measures relative humidity and then converts the data into an electronic signal.
To install such a sensor should be in a place where there is a constant air temperature and its speed of movement.
Tip: do not place it near heating devices, ventilation flows, opening windows, and also protect the device from direct sunlight. We do not recommend mounting devices in dirty or aggressive environments.
- For pressure observations, analog devices and relays are used, which can measure it at one point, and by the difference of parameters at two points.
The instruction requires to choose a place for installation so that it is not subjected to vibrations.
Tip: position the sensor in space in accordance with the technical documentation.
- Monitoring the speed - necessary to measure the velocity of the medium in the duct. Then, the received signal is converted to electrical, after which the required flow is calculated in the computing unit, taking into account the channel cross section.
Elements of an automatic ventilation system
As standard, the ventilation control panel provides:
- temperature control;
- air damper control;
- regulation of the operation of the supply fan, including speed;
- start ventilation unit.
In the manufacture of boards is taken into account not only the build quality, but also ease of use of the product. For example, conventional neon lamps are replaced by modern LED arrays, providing a bright and uniform glow, and also do not have a backlight when the lamps are turned off.
The material can be metal and plastic, having protection class IP65. The latter are usually installed in places where there are high requirements for design.
The heart of any automation system is an electrical panel in which the ventilation control system is usually installed. The simplest consists of a switch with an indicator, giving the opportunity to turn the fan on and off.
However, most often automation controls:
- air valve;
- monitors the purity of the filter;
- with a decrease in the temperature of the outside air entering the ducts, includes a heater.
Therefore, to facilitate its work requires the installation of many devices, in particular, thermostats, hygrostats, pressure sensors.
When choosing the type of ventilation in your house or apartment, keep in mind that it can be:
- inlet - works only on the intake of outside air and its transfer through the air ducts into the premises;
- exhaust - it is used only for a conclusion of the fulfilled air from rooms to outside;
- forced-air and exhaust - it can separately do the intake of outside air and remove the spent air, as well as work on the inflow and outflow simultaneously.
Tip: do not rush to run to the store for the elements of a system, it is better to carefully calculate not to pay extra money for unnecessary devices.
Supply and exhaust ventilation system
It is obtained by combining two types of systems - supply and exhaust. Although it is cumbersome, as well as more difficult to install, it is with its help that you will be able to organize the air exchange in the room in the most efficient way. Because of this, this system is very popular.
The ventilation control system makes it easy to inject fresh air into the premises and remove the waste air. Literally in a matter of minutes, such equipment completely refreshes the air, even in large industrial premises.
At the same time, the capacity of the plant must be carefully selected for the supply and outflow of air masses, so that the same amount will enter and exit at a certain point in time. If this is not done, a draft will appear in the room, as well as the effect of “slamming doors”, when the doors left unclosed shut themselves with strong noise.
We recommend that when installing in the room exhaust ventilation do not turn it on at full capacity. Simply select the inflow or exhaust.
If exhaust ventilation is started, fresh air will flow naturally through the gaps in the doors and windows. When starting the ventilation, an overpressure begins to build up in the room, which causes the exhaust air to leave it through the vents, transom and windows.
Conclusion
Installation of an automatic ventilation system in a room may require certain knowledge and skills. This usually applies to the installation and connection of sensors and control panel, on which its normal operation depends (see also the article “Automation for ventilation: functions, features, capabilities”).
The video in this article will help you find additional information on this topic.