Filtration system: purpose, device, sample examination

How does the filtering system? What can it be used for? How is the filter cleaning provided? We will try to answer these questions, and at the same time acquaint the reader with several specific examples of this type of equipment.

What it is

Principle of operation

This is the name of a technique that is designed to purify air from potentially harmful impurities to people’s health and performance (see also the article Ventilation with heat recovery: a device, performance evaluation, independent production).

The classic ventilation system performs this function by air exchange with the environment. In contrast, the filtering equipment operates in a closed cycle: the cleaned air from pollution returns to the same room in which it was selected.

Specify: a stationary filtering unit can still carry out partial air exchange with the street. Since, in addition to saturating the air with mechanical pollution, many industries are associated with a change in its chemical composition, renewal of the atmosphere in the workshop or workshop may still be required.

Filtration is carried out mechanically, with the passage of air through cellulose filters. As a rule, filters catch up to 99% of contaminants. The minimum size of particles retained during filtration is 0.3-0.05 microns.

Areas of use

Where can a filtering system be used?

In general, in all areas of industry where production technology implies air pollution by dust, smoke and aerosols.

• In mechanical engineering and automotive industry, air filtration is necessary during welding operations, during sandblasting of steel structures and during their painting.

• In metallurgy, air is polluted by oxidation of carbon and other impurities by blowing air through a molten iron, during cold and hot deformation of rolled products, during burnout of thermal greases on a mandrel during rolling, etc.
• The chemical industry does not need to be introduced: the production of plastics, mineral fertilizers or sulfuric acid in the air, frankly, does not ozonize.
• Such an innocent area as pharmaceuticals - and that was marked by technological processes with increased dust generation: when the tablets are dry, the air is saturated with a large amount of suspensions.
• Woodworking is accompanied by the formation of not only shavings and sawdust, but also the smallest wood dust deposited in the respiratory tract.
• Production of paints, varnishes, building materials, furniture production can also be safely included in the list: part of the operations is accompanied by significant air pollution in the industrial zone.
• Finally, the filter-ventilation module has been used for many years in the civil defense system to protect shelters from toxic substances and radioactive dust. However, those devices had little in common with modern industrial installations: instead of self-cleaning cellulose filters, disposable ones were used that use activated carbon.

Introduction to market offers

Let's explore a few sentences of the modern market.

EDS

Under this laconic name hides a powerful industrial air purification system from the company Plymovent Group.

We give its main characteristics.

The delivery includes a complete set of equipment and hardware for commissioning the installation. Delivery - in semi-assembled form, on four pallets. The assembly requires minimal qualification and can be done by hand using a minimum set of tools.

Nuance: to move the pallets with the installation still need loading equipment. Their total weight is 860 kg.

PMSF-1

This is the name of the mobile filtering unit produced by the domestic JSC SovPlym. The device is capable of filtering particles larger than 0.1 micron in size and is intended primarily for use in welding.

Installation instructions for the unit are extremely simple:

1. It is installed near the place of welding.
2. A movable bell is positioned directly above the seam.
3. The fan is turned on by a toggle switch on the front panel.

What about the characteristics?

The unit price is 165,000 rubles.

MDB Cassette Filter

This is not an independent filter-ventilation device - just a cassette filter for it, produced by SovPlym, already familiar to us.

We are interested in the mechanism of its work and, most importantly, self-cleaning.

• Contaminated air enters through the suction nozzle 1 and, after passing the built-in spark arrestor, is directed to the filter cartridges 2.

Curiously: the air distribution panel distributes the flow over the entire surface of the filters, eliminating the situation when some of their areas are contaminated more quickly than others.

• Past air cassette is discharged through the pipe 6.
• The self-cleaning mechanism is short-term supply of compressed air through the valve 3. The impulse knocks the accumulated dust from the walls of the cassette; it enters the bunker 4 and further into the dust collector 5.

Conclusion

We will consider our acquaintance with this class of ventilation equipment held (see also the article Ventilation of a multi-storey building: features of the device and maintenance).

For more information on what a modern filtering system can be, offer a video in this article. Successes!