Ventilation in an apartment building: device features and
Living in an apartment, many do not even think about the engineering systems that serve them. One of them is ventilation. In this article we will consider its purpose, types, features of the implementation and methods of cleaning.
General provisions
First, let's talk directly about the process itself:
Purpose
The process of circulation of air flow in the building is very important for the health of residents for the following reasons:
- Harmful bacteria, dust and carbon dioxide emitted by humans accumulate in the air, which together can cause serious illnesses.
- Moisture is also subject to accumulation, which is not only harmful to lung people, but also contributes to the formation of mold and fungi on the walls of the apartment.
Particularly problematic areas are such rooms:
| Purpose | Description of the problem |
| Kitchen | Carbon monoxide is added to all of the above “cocktails”, which comes from the stove during cooking and can cause severe poisoning. Yes, and the stale smells of food also will not cause you admiration. |
| Bathroom | Here the level of humidity exceeds the limit. Without effective extraction, the appearance and spread of mold is guaranteed. |
| Restroom | The waste products never differed pleasant aromas and not all of them go down the drain. Airing after each use of the bathroom to the destination is necessary. |
Thus, we see that the installation of ventilation ducts in an apartment building is simply necessary. This is the only way to replace the “exhaust” air with fresh air.
Requirements
There are mandatory requirements for ventilation in apartment buildings:
- Ensure that a sufficient amount of clean air enters the room.
- With the help of air masses, liquidate various microparticles in them that can harm human health.
- Monitor and maintain acceptable humidity and temperature in the building.
Features of the device
Now let's look at how the ventilation is arranged according to the figure above:
- Supply device. Usually it is placed either above the window, so that the incoming air immediately mixes with the air masses accumulated under the ceiling, or near the heating radiator, so that it can immediately warm up and not cause a significant cooling of the room.
- Exhaust ventilation grate. It is rather a decorative element than a functional one, which allows closing the hole and making it more aesthetic.
Tip: It is recommended to choose a model with adjustable opening plates. This will give you an additional opportunity to strengthen and weaken the force of the exhaust flow.
- Exhaust fan. It is necessary in some cases to enhance natural ventilation.
Tip: you should not buy models that are suspiciously low in price, as they work very noisy and not for long, which ultimately will lead to additional costs and will deprive you of soothing silence.
- Check valve. On the upper floors there may be a reverse thrust in the ventilation of the apartment of an apartment building, this device prevents in this case the penetration of exhaust air from the lower floors into the living quarters.
- Horizontal ventilation duct. Connects the exhaust holes of the apartment.
- Prefabricated ventilation duct. It is a common ventilation system of the whole house.
- Device heating system. It is used to heat the air from the street.
- Deflector. It prevents precipitation from entering the mine and allows for increased draft due to wind.
- Satellite channel. Leads residential ventilation to the overall system.
Ways to vent
Consideration should be given to how the general ventilation system in a high-rise building can be derived and how it works:
| Way | Comments |
| Each channel with the tip | This is an outdated version, which was used even before the beginning of the twentieth century in buildings that had 3-4 floors. Given the growth in height of buildings, he became ineffective. |
| Combining channels in the attic with a special sealed iron box | In this case, with errors in the layout, the air flow, hitting the walls of the box, is able to turn into apartments of the upper floors. |
| Attic is used as an intermediate ventilation chamber. | The most effective and frequently used method, allowing air flow to be sufficiently discharged before going outside |
Clearing
Repair of ventilation in an apartment building, in fact, consists in removing all kinds of garbage from its canals, which prevents effective air circulation.
Instructions for the necessary work is as follows:
- The first step is to check each exhaust hole in one of the following ways:
- Bring the burning match to the grid. If the flame burns smoothly, it means that this horizontal canal needs to be cleaned by hand. If the flame retracts, then proceed to the next hood.
Tip: take care with the flame, as it can ignite the cobwebs in the system.
- Attach a piece of newsprint or toilet paper. If it attracts to the grid, and it does not fall, then the system works qualitatively.
- Special device. Such a device will show accurate air exchange data, but it is usually only available to specialists.
- Having identified all the non-working points, we remove from them decorative grilles and fans.
- Then with the help of a brush we thoroughly clean the walls of the horizontal canal, which we can reach.
- After that, select all the garbage with a vacuum cleaner.
- Install the fan and grill in place.
If such cleaning of the ventilation in the apartment building did not help, it means that there is pollution in the common duct. In this case, you need to call specialists, as you are denied access there. But the professional team will carry out not only high-quality cleaning, but also disinfection of ventilation ducts.
Conclusion
We looked at how to clean the ventilation in an apartment building and the features of its device. This engineering system is responsible for the health of residents, and its effective work is very important. Monitor its condition (see also the article House ventilation scheme: features of selection and implementation).
The video in this article will introduce you to additional materials. Timely care of the air exchange system is the key to your health.