Drawing of the crane: the types and design features of

In this article we will look at the drawing of a hydraulic crane, and also tell you about what constitutes the ubiquitous stop valves used in the construction of various pipelines.

In addition, we will determine how the designation of the crane in the drawing is performed so that these symbols are understood by plumbers who are engaged in equipping a construction object with sanitary equipment.

But first, let's talk about the main types of cranes used and their structural features.

Main varieties

At present, the following modifications of pipeline valves are used when equipping residential buildings with stop valves:

• modifications with one valve, designed to supply only cold or only hot water;
• mixers with two valves;
• single lever ball mixers;
• modifications equipped with a thermostat;
• contactless cranes.

Consider the listed categories of devices in more detail.

Single valve valves

The design of a single-valve crane assumes the presence of one flywheel. Therefore, the use of the device allows the control of the flow head, but not the temperature.

Such devices found the greatest application at arrangement of country kitchens and bathrooms where the opportunity of supply of hot water is not provided. This type of stop valves consists of a metal (stainless steel, brass, copper, silumin, etc.) body, which encloses the valve box with a rubber gasket or with a ceramic gate.

The spout is attached to the body by means of a threaded attachment. However, there are models in which the body and the spout are a single whole. The core of the locking mechanism is screwed into the housing and fixed in it using pipe threads and rubber sealing rings.

In accordance with the type of locking mechanism, single-valve taps are divided into the following modifications:

• Semi-revolving cranes consisting of two combined ceramic plates. During operation, the rod rotates and rotates the top plate, which scrolls relative to the fixed bottom plate. When the plates are aligned, the water supply is suspended, and when a gap is opened between the plates, the water passes freely.
• Worm-type modification works due to rotational motion. One of the ends of the cock-axle box is equipped with a gasket made of thick rubber. When the rod rotates, the rubber gasket is pressed against the “saddle” and cuts off the water supply. Conversely, when the gasket rises due to the counterclockwise rotation of the rod, the water supply resumes.

Mixers of two-valve type

Mixers with two separately located flywheels are devices that allow you to simultaneously adjust the pressure and temperature of the water supply. Cold and warm water is supplied to the device. Therefore, such plumbing equipment is the best option for both bathrooms and kitchens.

The design of the two-valve mixer includes the following elements:

• two separate valves, each of which rotates the stock of a separate cartridge;
• cartridges to control the supply of hot and cold water;
• spout for removal of water;
• an aerator, located on the spout, designed for coarse cleaning stream and to prevent the formation of splashes;
• switch (gander) changing the direction of flow from the spout to the watering can.

Important: When choosing a two-valve type mixer, make sure that its body is made of stainless steel or brass. Modifications made of ferrous metal or silumin, despite the fact that their price is low, quickly fail.

Single lever ball mixers

There is a wide range of ball valves on the market, but now we are talking about a single-lever version designed for domestic use.

Plumbing equipment with a ball-type locking element consists of the following parts:

• housing with fasteners for connecting hoses and mounting plate;
• lever to control the water supply;
• ball cartridge;
• sealing gaskets;
• separate spout or spout, combined with the body;
• aerator.

A characteristic difference of such mixers from other locking devices is the presence of a spherical cartridge in the form of a hollow ball with three holes.

For the operation of such a cartridge, a special rubber seat is used. The ball cartridge with lever is fixed in the housing by means of the cuff and retaining ring.

The operation of the device is carried out by raising the lever up. After the lever is raised, water is supplied or mixed.

Important: When buying a ball mixer, make sure that the metal of the body is not less than 0.2 cm thick. Of course, the material for the body should be stainless steel or brass. In addition, before buying you need to try the smoothness of the lever, if the move is choppy, the purchase of such a device must be abandoned.

The device mixers with a thermostat

Instructions for the use of such a crane is characterized by simplicity and convenience. The fact is that it is enough to adjust the water temperature once and afterwards you can only adjust the flow head.

This function is provided by the presence of a thermostat - a special device that responds to temperature changes and maintains these indicators at a single level. With the exception of the thermostat, the device of such devices is not much different from a complete set of conventional mixers. (See also the article How to install a faucet on the sink: features.)

Thermostat valves consist of the following elements:

• steel or brass body;
• flywheels or adjusting handle;
• ceramic cartridge;
• additional equipment for shower models.

Important: Devices equipped with a thermostat, this high-tech equipment, and therefore the sale of them should be covered by the warranty of the seller or the factory of the manufacturer.

Conclusion

Now that you know what the assembly drawing of the plumbing equipment is, you can determine which parts the faucet is assembled from and which parts can be responsible for certain faults. Thus, the presence of the equipment scheme allows for its maintenance and repair by hand.

Are there any questions that require comprehensive explanations? More useful information can be found by watching the video in this article.