How to make a well with your own hands: the choice of the

The central water supply system at the dacha is a very big rarity. And even if it does exist, the quality of the liquid in it leaves much to be desired, preventive shutdowns are possible, and the cost of using it becomes tangible when watering the garden. In this article we will look at how to make a well with your own hands, which will allow you to provide your house with clean and free water in any quantities.

General provisions

Extraction of water is accomplished by immersion to one of the aquifers. This process can be implemented in various ways that determine the type of well being installed. They are distinguished by the price, complexity of work, the level of cleanliness and performance.

Possible aquifers

1. Verkhovodka. It is characterized by a high level of pollution due to its proximity to the surface, usually not exceeding 6 m, and inconstancy, since it depends directly on the intensity of precipitation.

1. Groundwater. The depth from 10 to 20 meters allows the construction of a mine or Abyssinian well with their own hands. Produced water is relatively clean, as it passes sufficient soil filtration. Waterproof layer ensures its consistency and replenishment at the expense of nearby water bodies.

1. Limestone aquifer. Location at a depth of 50 to 300 m provides excellent filtration of water, and the presence of a clay layer on top - reliable protection from external sources of pollution. Also, this source is characterized by high performance and durability.

But you can reach it only by drilling a tubular well, which is only possible by a special team with the appropriate equipment.

For our purposes, to provide water to the suburban area is best suited to use groundwater. How to make a well, which will provide access to them? The choice should be made from the options considered below.

Options for the implementation of wells

1. Mine Making a well with this type of hand is easy. Earthworks at the same time can be performed using only one shovels. The walls are laid out durable materials, and the mine is filled with groundwater, which is convenient to extract both manually and with a pump. In turn, such a structure can be:

• Imperfect. The mine, reaching the aquifer, does not descend to the dense layer, and the fence is carried out through the bottom.
• Perfect. The design rests on the impermeable loop, and the influx of N₂About going through the side holes in the walls.
• Perfect with a sump. In this case, the mine is additionally equipped with a special accumulating chamber, which significantly increases the reserves of the produced fluid.

Tip: for living conditions it is recommended to use an imperfect configuration. Since it is very laborious to create lateral tributaries in the mine, and an excessive amount of water that does not have time to be used in 24 hours is subject to rotting processes.

1. Abyssinian. How to make an Abyssinian well? By "piercing" the soil to the presence of water. The possibility of its implementation is not possible everywhere, but if conditions allow, then you can get a usable source within six hours after the start of work at minimal cost.

1. Tubular well. It is carried out by drilling a well to a limestone aquifer. Roads in construction and maintenance. Self-made performance is very problematic due to the impressive depth of artesian water.

Next, we will look at how to make the Abyssinian well and the mine one; we will not consider the tubular due to the complexity of its implementation.

Mine

During construction works, strict compliance with appropriate safety procedures is required.

• The presence of a helmet. For working at the bottom of the pit, there is always the danger of the bucket falling to the ground and another heavy object. It is better if the head is protected at this moment.

• Use only thick, tested ropes to lift the buckets with the ground.

Tip: at a depth of over six meters, it is recommended to use in addition to the main one also a safety rope. This will reduce the likelihood of a drop in capacity with the soil, which at that height can be fatal.

• Below, tie yourself to some well-fixed object on the surface. This will insure you against possible ground movements.
• Especially deep mines periodically check for gas. To do this, light a candle. If it goes out, then there is a gas content that you must get rid of.

Having studied the safety measures, proceed to the choice of location. It must be at least 20 meters from any points of contamination.

Tip: It is recommended to choose the lowest point on the site for construction work. This will reduce the distance to the aquifer, which, accordingly, will reduce the amount of work.

The following instructions follow:

Excavation

• We dig a trench at a selected place with dimensions: 1.2 m in diameter and depth until the appearance of groundwater, which is usually about ten meters. The excess land is removed with a bucket on a rope.

Tip: It is recommended to use a spade with a small handle. This will increase your maneuverability in the narrow space of the mine.

• Having dug a mine, we create a bottom filter for a well construction. For these purposes, we fall asleep a half-meter layer of washed rubble.

Wall material

Now let's look at what can be done well:

1. Monolithic concreting. High reliability, durability and moisture resistance at an affordable cost. Before you make a formwork for the well, be sure to verify the evenness of the walls. Then:
2. We install internal and external formwork from wooden boards, between which we keep a distance of 15 cm.
3. Between the boards, we mount steel reinforced rods horizontally and vertically, connecting them together with soft wire.
4. Knead the solution of cement, sand and gravel in the ratio of 1: 3: 5 with the addition of water.
5. Fill the concrete and wait for complete curing.

1. Concrete rings. Having all the advantages of monolithic concreting is much easier to install. For convenience, it is recommended to deal with the question of how to make a tripod for the well, since with its help it will be much easier to lower the product. In this case, it will be possible to use the options for their installation:
2. After a complete excavation of the pit, we lower the required number of rings, having previously attached them to the tripod. In order that they do not move further relative to each other, we enclose steel brackets between them.

• Dig a couple of meters of depth and install the first rings. Next, choose from under them the ground so that they fall. And so to the desired depth. This method prevents the collapse.

1. Brick. How to make a well out of bricks? Just like any other masonry. It is important to use ceramic products that tolerate an abundance of moisture well and without consequences.

Cap

How to make the top of the well? To do this, the walls should be brought out 80 cm and the entrance to the shaft should be equipped with a roof to protect it from precipitation. The cap, if desired, can be decorated with various ornaments.

You can also consider how to make a hex on a well or other convoluted way out. This does not affect the functionality, being a purely aesthetic moment.

Abyssinian

How to make the Abyssinian well?

In a few steps:

• Choosing a place by analogy with the mine.
• We ground the earth with a screw until wet sand appears.
• We take a pipe from a stainless steel and connect to it the "needle" with a filter.

• We drive in the structure by about one meter, after which we pour water. If the fluid goes away, then we have already reached the required depth.
• We install a check valve and pump out dirty water using a pumping station.

Total

Get water on your own site is easy. To do this, it is enough to get to the groundwater with the installation of mine or Abyssinian wells.

The video in this article will introduce you to additional materials.

Successful to you construction work!