Water filter: appointment and review of existing models

Water filtration today is of great importance given the level of environmental pollution and the state of water supply pipes. This is equally true for country houses, receiving the necessary fluid mainly from wells, and for apartments of multi-storey buildings connected to urban highways. In this article we will consider the coarse and fine-cleaning filters used in everyday life.

General provisions

Water from the tap in the apartment or from the well in the country is not poisonous, which is used by skeptics as an argument that there is no need for additional forced filtration. But let's touch this problem more closely.

City water supply

Here there are two particularly negative circumstances:

1. The deplorable state of the city water supply, many elements of which have not changed for decades. Garbage, rust, scale and other insoluble substances accumulated in them again pollute the liquid cleaned at the cleaning station. And this presents a danger not only to the human body, but also to all household plumbing, including a washing machine, a shower cabin and faucets.

1. Chlorine. Chlorination as a means of neutralizing drinking water has not been used in most civilized countries for a long time, since bleaching powder itself is a poison, and nothing good can be expected from its frequent use. Sometimes, with an increased content of this element, even when visiting a bath, an unpleasant sensation is experienced in the form of over-dried tightened skin.

Autonomous water supply

Here you already monitor the condition of the pipes and do not use harmful chlorine, but then there may be particles of sand, clay, organics and heavy metals. If you have an artesian well drilled, then a large number of natural filters in the form of layers of sand and clay minimize possible contamination, but a sandy or ordinary well cannot guarantee the absence of these impurities in dangerous quantities.

Tip: when arranging sand wells and wells, try to place them at a distance of at least twenty meters from street toilets, cesspools and compost heaps. In the opposite case, the produced water will get even more pollution.

Coarse Strainers

These are the first water pipe filters in a private house, which must be installed on a mandatory basis if you want to avoid sand and other insoluble substances getting into sensitive plumbing fixtures, cooking food, and drinking water taps.

If you only have a fine filter, it will quickly become clogged with large particles. Apartments, as we have already found out, this also applies, as rust from the aqueduct can have an even worse effect.

The main element in this model is a stainless steel mesh with a mesh size of 50 to 400 microns, which carries out the retention of insoluble particles.

This filter has a very high popularity due to the simplicity of its device, which provides the following positive qualities:

1. Simple installation instructions. You just need to screw it between the joints of two pipes.

1. Convenience maintenance. How to clean the coarse filter on the water mesh type? Enough for this:

• Unscrew the locking lid with an open-end wrench.

Tip: in the process of unscrewing the lid, hold the connection point to the water supply system with another key so as not to break the sealing of the joint.

• We take out the net with our own hands.
• We wash it, removing the accumulated dirt.
• Set in place and twist the lid back.

1. Relatively low price.
2. Durability.

Screen filters in turn have several differences:

Thread or flange

Flange connection is used in cases where the pipe diameter exceeds two inches, which usually applies to main pipelines or interchanges in the basements of apartment buildings. In the same apartments and private homes are more conveniently threaded.

Straight or oblique

Each filter for the dacha water supply system consists of two connection pipes and a special tank, in which the filtration itself is performed directly.

So this tank can have two positions:

1. Direct. In this case, the sump is perpendicular to the pipeline and can be large in size, which significantly improves its operation, since the passage of fluid then slows down, and most of the garbage has time to settle to the bottom, and already smaller fragments are stopped by a grid. But this option is very difficult or even impossible when the wall is close to or a vertical device of a water pipe.

1. Oblique. The placement of the sump at an angle to the direction of flow of water is applied in cases where compactness and versatility are necessary. That is, such devices are freely mounted in cramped conditions and can be installed on vertical pipes.

Gryazeviki or washed

The cleaning method may also vary depending on the device design:

1. Sump. Such a system equipped with all the skew and some direct filters. In them for the implementation of cleaning is required to carry out the process described above, which includes removing the cover and removing the mesh out.
2. Flushing system Sometimes the direct filter is equipped with a special drain valve, which allows you to drain the dirty sediment and flush with reverse flow of clean water.

Subtleties of installation

You can install the prefilter yourself, but you should follow some recommendations:

• The device should be installed before the meter, as it can also fail if sand or rust accumulates in its structure.

• Mount the oblique structure on the horizontal sections with the bulb downwards, which will facilitate its further cleaning. On the vertical installation is possible only in the case of movement from top to bottom, be sure to consider this.
• Under the direct filters, select a place that is spacious enough to remove a spacious flask.

Cartridge filters

If you want to get clean drinking water at the point of intake, you should not limit yourself to coarse cleaning and install in addition a fine filter, which can have a simple structure from one large flask with a replaceable carbon cartridge or it can be a whole filtration system. The first option is quite cheap, but the result is not guaranteed.

The second one is, of course, very expensive, but it also provides perfectly clean liquid at the outlet.

Tip: It is not recommended to purchase intermediate models in which, for example, three flasks. They cost more, but the effect is about the same as with a single cartridge. So it is more rational to buy either the simplest filter, or to invest in a complete system with reverse osmosis and a set of compartments for different cleaning.

A sample with one flask is similar in its structure to a coarse filter with a direct sump, but we will analyze the system in more detail:

As you can see, after passing through such a number of filtration compartments, the water becomes perfectly clean.

All cartridges, including the reverse osmosis membrane, periodically change, which leads to additional costs.

It should also be noted that the installation of this equipment is carried out exclusively by classified specialists.

Conclusion

Unfortunately, water from the city water supply or from a well is not perfectly clean and needs to be filtered. First of all, it is necessary to take care of removing insoluble particles that are harmful not only to the human body, but also to all sanitary equipment, and install a coarse filter. Further it is worth thinking about fine cleaning, which will make the liquid harmless to drink.

The video in this article will introduce you to more information.

Clean water is the key to your health.