Water pumps for wells: their types and applications

The presence of a water source in the summer cottage does not mean the availability of full-fledged water supply. To ensure the irrigation of crops and meet the household needs of a residential house, a water pump for the well will be required. To date, there are many varieties of this equipment with different functionality, principles of operation and cost. In this article we will look at the main ones.

General provisions

Pumps for water from a well have a fairly wide scope:

• Implementation of the regular watering of the garden and garden plots. Only this way you can count on a good harvest from your land.

• Delivery of water to all consumption points located in the house. This includes a sink, washing machine and dishwasher, bathroom, bathroom and other possible sanitary equipment.

• Pumping out the fluid when you need to clean the source. Silting, fall, debris can be eliminated with a pump.

• Fire extinguishing in case of fire. No one is immune from such a disaster, and the presence of powerful water equipment greatly reduces the possibility of its spread.

• Implementation of drainage measures.
• Removal of fluid from water bodies in order to drain them.

Water pumps for a well can be divided into three groups:

1. Water lifting. The related devices deliver the necessary liquid from any water source. In turn, are divided into submersible and surface.
2. Circulating. Perform a constant movement of water in various systems.
3. Drainage. Used for pumping dirty fluid from the swamp, basement or reservoir.

Water lifting

Well water pumps perform many tasks. But they are not universal, and various models are better suited to certain conditions. Models that are designed to lift water and distribute it to the points of consumption are most in demand in everyday life, we will look at them in more detail (see also the article Submersible Pump for a Well - Choice Features).

Surface

In view of the relatively small depth of well shafts, pumps of this type are best suited, since they do not need to be dipped down. Easily placed with their own hands on the surface, they do an excellent job with watering the area and supplying a water supply system at home.

If the distance to the water mirror will exceed 10 m, then an additional installation of the ejector will be required, but you should be aware that with this, the coefficient of performance will decrease significantly.

By the way of work such equipment is divided into three types:

1. Inkjet. They are characterized by the ability to start pumping liquid from a shallow depth even if the hose is empty. Ideal for occasional use when, for example, you need to water a vegetable garden from a well.

1. Multistage. In such models, several impellers are used to build up pressure, forming peculiar stages. This allows them to create a strong pressure with a small consumption of electrical energy, so that the cost of their operation is quite low. Perfect for ensuring the regular operation of the plumbing system.

Tip: in case of continuous use, it is recommended to install a pump for pumping water from a well of surface type in special soundproofed utility rooms, since its operation is accompanied by a rather loud noise.

1. Open wheel. The main disadvantage of superficial representatives of water-lifting pumps is their great sensitivity to the presence of debris in the pumped liquid. An open wheel allows you to avoid clogging up the system and use the machine for pumping feces or pumping out basements.

It should also be noted the advantages inherent in all variations of pumps located above the tank:

• Easy access for maintenance and repair.
• Mobility. Extending the hose, you can move the machine to any place convenient for you.
• Easy installation. Enough to put it on the ground, and throw the inlet pipe into the water.

An interesting modern representative of such equipment is a pumping station. In addition to the multistage pump, its design also includes a hydraulic accumulator, which allows to control the level of pressure in the water supply system, protect it from water hammer and maintain an emergency supply of water in case of a power outage.

Submersible

In the case of a large depth of the well, it is more advantageous to use deep-seated apparatuses that are designed for immersion in a liquid and have a sufficiently large pressure column to spread water to all consumption points.

Tip: turn on the submersible pump only when it is in the water. Otherwise, its engine will fail due to overheating, as the cooling system of such a unit is based on the constant circulation of fluid through it.

According to the principle of operation and, accordingly, the recommended methods of application, they, like the surface ones, are divided into three types:

1. Spiral. The transfer of water takes place with the help of a rotor-auger along spiral grooves on the inside of the stator. Such a structure allows pumping out dirty liquid, which makes it especially demanded in cleaning the sewage system, freshly dug well or silted well. Efficiency does not differ high rate.

Its power is proportional to size, which makes it inconvenient for continuous use.

1. Centrifugal. The work of such a model is provided by a wheel with blades located in the center of the device. Its efficiency reaches 90%, which makes them most beneficial for ensuring the continuous operation of the water supply system. Minus apparatus: the need to add water to the outlet in case of its absence in the inlet pipe.

Tip: if you see changes in intensity and complete breaks in the head, it means that the liquid does not reach the inlet and the unit should be lowered below.

1. Vibrating. Here the transfer of water is carried out using the work of the electromagnetic field, which opens and closes the input membrane, creating enough pressure to eject liquid to the surface. This model has no rotating parts that contribute to overheating, so it is the most reliable.

The problem itself is created by vibration, which can harm a narrow mine. But in the case of a wide well, this can be disregarded.

Installation instructions for submersible pumps are not very complex. The main thing is to carry out a high-quality sealing of the pipe joints with the outlet pipe and to waterproof the power cable.

Work without electricity

Sometimes there are situations when electrical wiring is absent at the cottage. Then you can purchase and install models that are driven by hands or on liquid fuel.

For example, a sucker-rod pump, an industrial prototype of which is widely used in oil production, is suitable for these purposes.

And for our case it will be quite enough to install a rod column:

If large volumes of fluid production are required, it is recommended to use a pump equipped with an internal combustion engine.

To start it is usually used two fuel options:

• Petrol. Work on such an energy carrier is characterized by low noise and a fairly high cost.
• Diesel fuel. Loud sound, but more economical operation.

Conclusion

If you have a well on the site, you should equip it with a special pump and make a complete plumbing system. For this task, you can use surface or deep apparatus. The first ones are mobile and easy to install, the second ones are necessary in case of a long distance to the water mirror.

Among both groups, you can pick up water pumps for wells, which are more suitable for a single water intake, for the constant maintenance of the water supply system and for pumping out dirty, unusable fluid. In places remote from cities that do not have electricity, hand-pumping units or operating on liquid fuel will help out.

The video in this article will provide you with the opportunity to read more information on the reviewed materials.

Carefully weigh all your needs and capabilities to choose the most suitable well pump option.