We conduct independently at the cottage water supply from
If you dream of your own summer cottage or a country house, the question of its water supply may be one of the most important. Alas, but not always in the selected place runs the central water supply, to which it is possible to connect the water supply system of your home. But there is a way out - own well, although its cost can result in a serious amount.
Next, we consider how to use it for its intended purpose and how to connect water pipes to it.
You can drill a well yourself or using the proposal of a special organization. Equipment for it is also easy to purchase in any market or building supermarket. Only in this case one should not forget that the well is not the central water supply system, into which it is only necessary to embed its own pipes.
How to draw water from a well to a private house
It is rarely possible to drill a place under the well directly, most often it is located at some distance from it.
Therefore, we will conditionally divide the water supply system into 3 main blocks:
- Water intake.
- Highway on the site.
- Pipeline inside the house.
In addition to the “fixtures” - pipes, adapters, valves and valves, the system of internal plumbing also includes “consumers” - water dispensing devices (mixers and taps) and other sanitary appliances that consume water.
Water intake
From a well, water is usually pumped out with a submersible pump, the capacity of which must correspond to its depth and the required performance. The weight of the equipment is often quite significant, since it additionally adds the weight of the water hose and electrical cable. In this regard, we recommend to provide a lowering device and conditions for the installation of this equipment.
You can do it yourself or buy it. The simplest option is a winch (manual or with an electric motor) with a cable on which the pump is suspended.
Tip: to work with a winch, it is better to use two people - to control the equipment and to supply or lay the water hose and electrical cable.
Often, the electric cable of the pump is attached directly to the water intake hose, fixing with an electrical tape after 1.5-2 m. The instruction allows such a solution, but note that the fasteners should not be rigidly fixed, i.e. allow the cable to move along the hose when some force is applied. Just do not overdo it so as not to damage it.
There are also complex systems consisting of 2 or 3 synchronized drums:
- the first is a traction that raises and lowers the cargo cable;
- the second and third - for placement on them of an electric cable and a hose for water.
Tip: Do not use electrical cable and / or hose to immerse or lift the pump.
Water is supplied from the well to the house through the water supply system for which the trench is used. Its depth should be below the level of soil freezing in the area. Otherwise, the distance m of the surface to the pipe should be at least 0.5 m, and it should be properly insulated by itself.
How to build a "pump"
- The equipment will take up a lot of space, so it should be protected from weathering, as well as provide comfort for maintenance and care.. The right decision is to build a special room (pump room).
Tip: if the well is small and the winch is not in use, you can limit yourself to the insulated servicing pit.
- When calculating the water supply system, the necessary pressure is taken into account, which must come out of the faucet, and which can be regulated by a valve. Normal for the urban network is considered the pressure range - 2.5-6 atm, for the individual we advise to withstand the same characteristics. This is due to the fact that the valves, piping and sanitary equipment and equipment designed specifically for him.
- The pressure will only remain constant if the system has a balance of receipts and expenditures. Therefore, the flow rate must comply with the maximum water consumption. In this case, we can only adjust the flow, but the debit of the well does not depend on us.
Water supply scheme
The start of the water pipeline takes in the well where the submersible pump is located. The device is turned on and off using a manual switch or a special relay connected to the float sensor.
The latter is an ordinary float with a load, it is not a problem to purchase or make it yourself.
It is placed in the storage water tank and is regulated by the movement of cargo through the cable:
- after reaching the water in the tank of a certain limit, the float pops up and opens the contacts, the relay trips and the pump stops working;
- when the lowering of the water reaches the lower critical level, most often it is less than 20% of the total tank volume, the float turns around and closes the contacts, after which the pump turns on again.
Tip: Consider an emergency overflow in the storage tank, taking it outside or into the sewer if the sensor suddenly fails.
Build a plumbing system
| Storage capacity | Plastic storage tank can be purchased at the hardware store. It must be from food material (blue or white) with the appropriate stamp. The size depends on the specific conditions of placement and the equipment used. For example, if there is a shower in the bathroom, we recommend buying a capacity of 500 liters or more. |
| Float sensor | The convenience of a system consisting of a storage tank and a float sensor is that the submersible pump in this case works evenly. Due to the fact that the valve allows you to adjust the operation in a large range, you can adjust the equipment for performance in the optimal mode. In this case, after switching on the electric motor, it will work for a certain time and then switch off again for a rather long period. |
| System head | Now it is necessary to solve problems with the pressure of water in the system, since the storage tank is not enough for this or should be raised to a height of 5 meters or more. The solution to the problem is to install another pump, or rather an entire pump station, where there is also a pressure switch, a membrane receiver (hydraulic tank) and a pressure gauge, which shows the pressure in the system in real time. The receiver is a metal container, where there is a rubber bag, and between the walls of the tank and it, air is pumped under a pressure of about 1.4 atm. The station relay has the following setting: when the pressure in the pipeline drops below 1.5-1.8 atm, the pumping pump starts, and then it turns off when it reaches 2.8-3 atm. You can adjust it yourself using the adjusting screw under the cover of the electronic unit of the station. |
| Receiver | The device does not allow the pressure to be spasmodic, smoothes possible surges. Without it, the relay would switch on the pump instantly after the tap was opened, since the pressure, which is below the critical level, would immediately fall. The device makes it possible to avoid “jerking” the engine, which inevitably occurs with frequent opening and closing of the valve, although more important is its ability to extinguish hydraulic shocks - sudden bursts of water pressure in the pipeline. Often they are caused by pump inertia or delayed relay operation. For example, the mixer is closed, and the pump continues to work for a fraction of a second, however, since the water is almost incompressible, the pressure instantaneously rises to a critical level, and can cause the valves and equipment to fail. |
We collect plumbing fittings
We recommend using a plastic pipe that is connected by soldering. Today it is the most reliable and durable installation. Soldering iron can be rented or purchased in the store.
Plastic pipes are easy to cut with a regular hacksaw, although it is better to take a special lever cutter. Usually, by the way, it comes complete with a soldering iron. Take pipes O 20 mm, as well as the rest of accessories.
Water quality
Another important question - what is the quality of the fluid coming from the well into the house? What is better well or plumbing on a country site, if you have a choice?
Although we criticize tap water, however, natural aquifers may also contain anthropogenic pollutants:
- various organics;
- pathogenic microflora;
- household chemicals from the neighboring cesspools;
- fertilizers;
- herbicides and pesticides from nearby fields.
The safety and taste of water in a simple sandy well is difficult to predict, so the filter in this case never hurts. It is bad when conventional devices can not cope with some specific and very undesirable impurities of the area.
In this case, only the reverse osmosis system will help to clear the water, but it is not worthwhile to constantly use demineralized liquid for drinking and cooking, there is little useful in this.
Tip: take samples from the well and take them to a lab you trust for analysis.
An artesian well is fundamentally different from a sand one. Its aquifers lie beneath layers of limestone, so no pollutants from the soil surface can penetrate there, and the bacteria do not reproduce because of this depth, as there is no food for them. Water from such a well is safe, although it is not always a guarantee of its good taste, because the composition depends on the area.
Tip: you may need to clean up from large amounts of mineral impurities.
Answering the question whether a well or a central water supply is better, it cannot be unambiguously said. Much depends on local conditions, in particular, where water comes from in the latter.
Conclusion
Autonomous water supply on a country site - the key to a comfortable stay. This can be achieved by a well drilled in the territory, to which it remains only to correctly connect the pipeline from the house.
All work can be easily carried out independently, even drilling, the main thing is to do everything carefully and according to the instructions. The video in this article will provide an opportunity to find additional information on the above topic.