Well at the cottage own making

The presence of a source of clean drinking water is now a prerequisite for a comfortable stay in a country house. However, in rural areas, centralized water supply is most often absent. Therefore, the only suitable source of water is a well in the country, which can be made by hand with a sufficiently high level of groundwater location.

Independent production of wells

This article will describe the different types of wells for water extraction, which can be made on their own on the backyard plot of a country house.

In addition, the reader will be offered step-by-step instructions on how to make a well in the country, as well as various tools and devices with which you can independently perform this simple work.

Types of wells

Wells for the extraction of water for domestic use can be divided into two types: sand and artesian.

The main differences between them are, first of all, in the principle of water production, drilling depth, design features and qualitative composition of the water produced.

• An artesian or, in other words, a well on limestone, can reach depths of up to 200 meters. It is used as a source of water supply for residential homes with a continuous flow of water. Allows to obtain natural drinking water of high degree of purification from deep aquifers.

As a rule, this type of wells is characterized by high performance and can last up to several decades. Seasonal use is rarely used for home gardens, since an artesian well to the country house requires the use of heavy drilling equipment for its installation, which in turn makes this work economically inexpedient.

• Sand or a well on the sand allows you to get water from aquifers, which are located in the upper layers of the soil above the waterproof layer. Their depth, as a rule, is no more than 50 meters. Water from these wells may have a different qualitative composition, but in most cases it is suitable for human consumption and use for household purposes.

As for the question, which well is better for dacha, this type is preferable in the garden plots of seasonal living with non-constant water flow.

The cost of manufacturing such a source is much cheaper than an artesian well, and with a shallow level of groundwater, it can be equipped independently without the use of mechanized drilling rigs. After completion of the work, you will need to correctly think how to decorate a well in the country, so as not to disturb the general concept of the site design.

   Tip! In order to roughly determine the level of groundwater in your area, you need to find out the relative height from the nearest water body, and also pay attention to the water level in the neighboring wells or boreholes.

Drilling preparation

If as a result of exploration and measurement it turns out that the aquifer is located at a depth of no more than 20 meters and the soil in the area does not contain stony and rocky rocks, you can safely proceed to the independent construction of a sand well to give using one of the described drilling technologies.

However, before starting work you need to perform simple preparatory operations:

1. On a plot of land, above a future well, to make a hole, which is a hole ~ 1.5 x 1.5 x 2 meters in size. To strengthen the soil at the bottom lay the boards, and on the walls to install props of wooden shields.
2. Above the pit, build the simplest drilling rig in the form of a tripod of thick-walled metal pipes or logs with an installed manual or electric winch.
3. From the top of the tripod, lower the vertical to the bottom of the hole and in this place make a hole for the future well in the wooden flooring.
4. On top of the ground level to install wooden flooring, but before you close the well in the country, in the overlap of the hole also need to make a hole for the drilling tool.

Installing a well in the country, which is used in winter, will require installation of a caisson. To do this, after digging a hole at the bottom of a pit, you can install concrete rings, fill the bottom with concrete, leave a hole for the drill, and install wooden flooring and a drilling rig over the finished caisson.

   Tip! In the manufacture of holes in the base and the overlap of the hole, it is important to observe their coaxial relative position perpendicular to the ground plane. They will act as guides for the drilling tool, and will provide a strictly vertical direction of the barrel.

Rotary drilling

Drilling at a dacha can be performed using a spiral (auger) or a spoon drill, which is attached to a vertical rod and rotates due to uniform application of force from both sides of the driver. It is suitable for drilling wells in clay and sandy soils, however, if necessary, a manual drill can easily penetrate the soil with a small amount of rock of the small fraction.

The features of the drilling process are as follows:

1. The drill should be vertically installed into the guide holes of the lower deck and the upper slab.
2. On the vertical bar, fasten the knob with long levers and rotate evenly with the force of two people, avoiding distortions and deviations from the vertical.
3. After installation in the hole, it is necessary to place a mark on the drill at a height of 700-800 mm above the level of the wooden flooring. When the mark reaches the floor level, you need to pull out the column and clean the spiral auger or the internal cavity of the spoon drill from the developed soil.

1. With the deepening into the ground, install the next part of the vertical bar with the help of the threaded coupling, rearrange the knob on it and continue the rotation.
2. To form a borehole and protect the walls from collapse during penetration, plastic or steel casing pipes must be installed in the barrel.
3. The bottommost tube should have perforations and a winding of stainless wire, over which you need to wind a fine-meshed metal mesh. Water will flow from the aquifer through this filter into the wellbore.

After receiving the first portions of water, it is necessary to perform idle pumping and making sure that the well is sufficiently flowed to disassemble the drilling rig. Then you need to equip the water supply system and think about how to refine the well in the country so that it does not look defiant and in harmony with the surrounding landscape.

   Tip! For the most complete use of the aquifer after it has been reached while drilling, it is necessary to go a further distance. It is desirable that the base of the trunk reaches the impermeable layer of soil

Cable drilling

Another way to equip a well in the country is to drill a well with a weighted impact drill.

Its advantage is that in this way you can do the work yourself without help.

1. At the top of the tripod install a swivel block through which to pass the rope from the winch.
2. Hang a special impact drill on the rope.
3. Drilling is performed by dropping the drill into the well from a great height, which causes it to be buried in the ground, part of which remains in the cavity of the drill.
4. After several drops, it is necessary to pull the drill out of the well and clean it from the excavated soil with the help of a sledge hammer.

Thus, this process is continuously repeated until the desired depth is reached. After that, you also need to install a casing in the barrel, perform idle pumping and landscaping, and then you can already take care of how to decorate the well in the country. Currently, for this purpose, plastic imitation of various stones, jugs and other fake products is offered.

   Tip! Do not immediately discard the excavated soil. When working on a slope, further well finishing at the dacha will require dumping of a small earthen shaft from the upper side of the slope.

Conclusion

As can be seen from this article, equip a well in the garden area under the power of almost any home craftsman. The main thing is that the groundwater level does not lie too deep, and the composition of the soil at the site allows it to be done without the use of industrial drilling equipment.

Additional information on well installation can be obtained by watching the video in this article or by reading similar articles on our website.