Well to give: device options

03-07-2018

Water supply

Many gardeners dream of their own and trouble-free source of life-giving moisture in their area, especially as the groundwater is under the ground, where it is deeper, and where it is very close. Therefore, a well for irrigation at the dacha is a goal that is quite feasible for us, and this water will make our garden and garden beautiful and fruitful.

First, we outline the location of such sources already excavated from our neighbors in order to suggest a possible passage point for the underground channel, as well as the approximate depth of our well. Of course, in this case, there is underground water in nearby areas, and they are located at the same depth.

We are building a well

There are exact signs of a shallow underground channel:

when the snow melts in the spring, water seeps into the basements;
near the cottages there is a river or a lake;
after sunset a lot of mosquitoes fly;
moss in some places thickly covers the ground;
even in drought grows juicy grass.

In the place of occurrence of the aquifer defined by us we dig exploration wells.

Tip! The well must be dug away from the compost pit, toilet and sewage, so that they do not contaminate the source during heavy rains and snowmelt.

Classic device layout

The plan of the device of a well is tested by centuries.

Its unchanged elements:

cap (top) protects water from freezing, mud, rain, snow;
the main trunk is rectangular or round which prevents the ground from falling to the source;
reservoir (catchment basin) - a place where water accumulates.

Start digging

Note that the instructions from the experts determine the best time to dig - autumn, when the water in all underground channels falls. This facilitates the work and allows you to accurately clarify the required depth.

Unfortunately, even thousands of years later, digging a well is exclusively handmade.

From the tools we need:

shovel with a short handle;
buckets;
long ladder, better rope;
a device for safely lifting filled buckets;
pump to pump out water at the final stage;
lamps with extension;
jackhammer.

Popular Barrel Options

The first option is convenient and fast, but we will execute it only on non-flowing soils.

Swarm your hands mine 125x125 cm to the liquid layer, observing all safety measures.
In the dug pit we lower the concrete rings, one upon the other.
We deepen the pit by digging in addition to 1 or 2 rings.
In a rectangular well, the walls will be made monolithic. To do this, we squared a rectangular pit with formwork to fill in the concrete solution.

The second option is applicable for strong fall of the ground.

We dig a hole 1 m deep and install a well ring - better below with pins or with a taper (tapered): it is easier to move down. And under the weight of such a ring will settle.
We continue to choose the soil, but now also from under the ring.
When it settles for another 1 m, we will install the next ring.
We will continue the work on this technology to the required depth.

Note! Close the joints between the concrete rings with a resinated rope or hemp and cement it. But the sealing of these cracks with environmentally friendly clay is short-lived and its subsequent updating is dangerous and time-consuming.

The walls of the round barrel reinforced with concrete rings with docking locks - chamfers.

With the approach to groundwater the soil dampens. Finishing digging in the last 2-3 meters is a grueling job in liquid mud, for which we use the pump.
The prepared bottom for 10 and more centimeters is filled with granite rubble in order to rid the water of dirt.
We can additionally strengthen the structure by holding all the rings together with reliable metal clips, covered with high-quality oil paint - its price is low, and the rust of the bracket will not corrode.

Blind area around the well

Options of the blind area: clay, concrete.

We will waterproof the well from the outside in the form of a soft blind area, because it is not loose, like earth, which means it will hold the upper ring during heavy rains.

First, we remove the top earthen layer around the perimeter of the well.
Then dive a little more than the usual freezing of the soil.
Pour sand around the well and ramp.
Then cover with gravel or clay.

Well design

Beautiful wells for giving, as noticeable decorative buildings, attract the eye.

The exterior design of such significant sources depends on the characteristics of the landscape..

And there are many options.

We can just sheathe the top of the well-painted boards.
We will overlay the head with bricks, and we will make the roof of boards or metal - and a spectacular house is ready.
We can also buy a ready well house.

A picturesque wooden blockhouse above the well also perfectly decorate our site.
Against the backdrop of modern country houses harmoniously looks like a metal or plastic design of such a source.

Plastic wells

From problems with the tightness of the seams and cleaning wells with concrete rings will easily save us a seamless plastic wells to give.

Special features

Its continuous pipe eliminates the ingress of dirt into the barrel itself.

A multi-layered geotextile filter prevents sand from clogging up the plastic well.
The only requirement is that you need to accurately get on such an underground key, which will provide us with a sufficient amount of water.
In fact, it is a modern captive well that collects water from an underground spring.

Installation

Let's get a plastic pipe for use in soil.

Find a strong underground key.
Swarm the well in the usual open way.
Dig up the sand, make a round hole.
When the slurry appeared in the excavation, we will prepare the pipe: to a height of up to half a meter in the cavities of its ribs we make multiple holes with a 7-mm drill.
Wrap the whole pipe, along with the holes, 2 layers of geotextiles and fix this filter with wire. Now only water without sand will enter the well.

In the photo: the pipe is immersed in a pit at the bottom and covered with sand.

The top of the pipe for 1 m is insulated with foam plastic.
We lower the pump "Kid" and pump out until clear clean water appears.

Note! If after half an hour of intensive pumping in the pipe it has not diminished, we will load quartz sand or schungite into the lumen for maximum cleaning.

Sewer wells

Now plastic sewer wells for giving are successfully used instead of heavy asbestos cement, concrete and cast iron, requiring frequent cleaning and repair.

Advantages of plastic wells

Installation does without the use of forklifts.
Their increased resistance to aggressive drains eliminates repairs, and reinforced concrete from corrosion is destroyed.
The ease of fitting the tip speeds up the work - simply cut off the excess with a hacksaw.
The absolute isolation of the channels from the soil (100%) increases their environmental performance and provides great savings: there are no costs for waterproofing, as is the case with concrete.
High rate of frost resistance of this material.
The ease of the pipe simplifies the construction of the well base.

Application

Auditing chute wells have a small diameter, because they need a minimum of space. The observation sewer wells serve to inspect the condition of pipes and sensors. This is a medium-sized hermetic chamber with hydrants, cranes, valves.
At dachas, we use, as a rule, self-flowing collectors. These are tanks with sewer pipes connected to them. The bottom of such a well is always lower than the connected pipes - sediment is collected here.

Conclusion

Inexpensive plastic rings and pipes of any size from the domestic market will simplify the construction of the well to us as much as possible. The most common rings are 90 cm in diameter.

True professionals of this business are rarely met today, so it’s worth trying out your possibilities: we do more diligently for ourselves, which means it’s better. High-quality building materials and equipment will speed up work and guarantee a good result. And the video in this article will provide us with additional information about country wells.