What is a three-way crane - features of the operation and
The T-shaped three-way valve can be found in a variety of communication systems, but the design has received the greatest distribution in heating systems. This is due to the fact that when moving through pipes the coolant cools down, and different rooms are heated differently.
Due to the presence of the mixing unit, the temperature is maintained at a certain level.
Types of designs
All products of this group can be divided into several types, depending on their features:
| Shut-off structures | Their main feature is that the locking mechanism is intended only to overlap a particular output, that is, the design’s job is to stop the duct from one or another nozzle. It is not recommended to use this option for adjustment, as the structure is subject to increased wear and very quickly fails. |
| Control devices | This option is specifically designed to regulate the intensity of flows from two nozzles and to supply the mixed coolant to the system. The configuration of the equipment can be very different, it all depends on the features of operation and characteristics of the system. |
| Large constructions | If the nozzles that enter the three-way valve are 100 mm or more, then this is more likely a valve, since it implements a completely different version of the locking mechanism. Most often, such units are made of cast iron, so their weight is significant |
| Automatic modifications | A three-way valve with a thermal head or servo is called a three-way valve. With it, the regulation of the temperature of the coolant can be done in an autonomous order, in accordance with the previously entered settings. This greatly improves the usability. |
Tip! It is best to purchase products that have a scale setting on the valve head. This greatly simplifies the adjustment and allows you to memorize certain values in order not to waste time on determining the optimal position of the crane.
Features of the systems under consideration
To find the best option, it is necessary to clearly understand how the system functions and how the mechanism under consideration is arranged. It is also important to choose the optimal modification for certain conditions, and we will talk about all these nuances below.
Principle of operation of the crane
As for the locking modification, everything is quite simple and clear:
- The separator valve in the open position passes all the liquid from the main and reverse lines, thereby providing a certain average temperature of the coolant.
- If the valve is closed, the return flow is simply not supplied and the maximum temperature liquid flows into the system; this option is usually used during the cold season. How many positions has a three-way valve of this modification? Only two - open and closed, trying to regulate the flow with it is prohibited.
Regulated systems work on a different principle, so they should be considered separately.
It is worth noting that this option is more in demand and this is due to a number of advantages, which we will consider:
- Possibility of very precise adjustment of the proportions of the feeds. This helps to adjust the temperature in the room with an accuracy of 2-3 degrees, which allows you to always maintain an optimal microclimate in the house. Not without reason, this option is most in demand among customers and for many years it has been a leader in the total sales of products of this kind.
- There is a huge number of sizes that will fit any system, for example, a 2-2-1 inch three-way crane is an excellent option for a two-story building, and a three-way crane, DU15 inch, is suitable for small apartments or even individual rooms. Usually, the project prescribes the necessary characteristics, but if it is not, it is better to consult with a qualified specialist.
- This option does not have a certain number of positions, the regulating node moves as far as necessary.. But it is worth remembering about one very important factor: the adjustable mechanism can be used as a shut-off device, it is enough to shut off the valve to the end and one of the flows will be completely cut off.
It is worth considering one more option - a three-way valve 14m1, its main difference is that one of the outlets was originally provided for the installation of a pressure gauge. For this purpose, a special platform is made on one of the sides, on which the measuring equipment is fixed, its configuration can be very different.
The advantage of a three-way valve for a pressure gauge is that measurements may not be made continuously, but only if necessary. This allows you to significantly extend the life of the equipment, since the impact on it is not constant, but only periodically.
Features of operation of the device
Consider how the design works in the heating system of a house or apartment:
- In the first position, all channels are open and the flows are mixed evenly, which allows to reduce the temperature of the coolant. Most often, this option is used in floor heating systems, since its operation requires a much lower temperature than for radiators.
- In the second position, the return line is completely blocked, and the coolant is fed into the system with the maximum temperature. This option is applicable in the coldest period of the year and provides maximum heat transfer, but it is not recommended to use it at another time, because, firstly, the room will be very hot, and secondly, extra energy will be consumed.
- In the third case, the inlet flow from the boiler is blocked, and the fluid circulates in a closed loop.. This is necessary in cases where the water is heated too much and even the mixing of the return can not provide adequate temperature reduction.
- Intermediate options allow you to adjust the flow rate, thereby allowing you to make settings to maintain a stable temperature.
Criterias of choice
When selecting a specific option, it is important to consider the following factors:
- The diameter of the communications to which the connection will be made, for example, a three-way valve 1-2 by 1-2 by 1 inch is suitable for systems with a small diameter, but is not in demand in designs with large performance.
- When installing by hand, it is better to use taps on which you can later install a servo. Their price is somewhat higher, but if necessary, you can equip the system with an automatic tuning unit.
- The installation and operating instructions should be in Russian so that you can understand all the nuances of the process.
Tip! Be sure to check with the seller the availability of documentation certifying the quality of the product and its compliance with established standards.
Conclusion
Three-way valves allow you to adjust the temperature of the coolant and thereby save significant funds for heating and air conditioning. The video in this article will reveal some questions in more detail and clearly show a number of important points.